Khalil M, Sultana S Z, Rahman M, Mannan S, Ahmed S, Ara Z G, Sultana Z R, Chowdhury A I
Department of Anatomy, Mymensingh Medical College (MMC), Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
Mymensingh Med J. 2009 Jul;18(2):169-74.
Spleen is one of the secondary or peripheral lymphoid organs along with cecal tonsils in birds. The growth of the spleen of Gallus Domesticus (deshi chicken) from prenatal embryonic day fifteen (ED15) to postnatal day ninety (D90) were studied. In macroscopic study it was found that the shape of the spleen was rounded with slightly flattened from side to side at its middle part at prenatal period (ED15, ED18) and becomes rounded at postnatal stages of the deshi chicken (D90). Regarding position it lies close to the right side of the junction between proventriculus and gizzard and was similar in prenatal and postnatal stages. The result of the present study revealed that the mean diameter and weight of the spleen in deshi chicken gradually increases with increase of age, which were 2.00+/-0.136mm and 0.007+/-0.00gm respectively at ED15 stage and it reaches upto 10.40+/-0.331mm and .303+/-0.004gm respectively at day 90 (D90). It was observed that the differences of diameter & weight of the spleen between different ages were statistically significant (p<0.01). Histologically the spleen was surrounded by thin capsule in prenatal life, which gradually becomes thicker in postnatal life. The splenic pulps were not differentiated into white and red pulp on 15th day of embryonic life (ED15) but they were gradually differentiated into white and red pulp in the late prenatal (ED18) and postnatal period. The growth and development of spleen at each stage of the study period were found to be significantly high. Present study indicates that chicken splenic cell population, structure and function were similar to human spleen histologically. It was also found that the chicken embryo allows easy experimental access to all the stages of the splenic development, so the present study will be helpful for experimentation on lymphoid organs and to understand pathophysiology of immunological diseases of human.
脾脏是禽类与盲肠扁桃体一起的次级或外周淋巴器官之一。研究了家鸡（德希鸡）脾脏从产前胚胎第15天（ED15）到产后第90天（D90）的生长情况。在宏观研究中发现，脾脏在产前阶段（ED15、ED18）呈圆形，中部略向两侧扁平，而在德希鸡的产后阶段（D90）则变为圆形。关于位置，它位于腺胃和肌胃交界处的右侧附近，产前和产后阶段相似。本研究结果表明，德希鸡脾脏的平均直径和重量随着年龄的增长而逐渐增加，在ED15阶段分别为2.00±0.136mm和0.007±0.00g，在第90天（D90）分别达到10.40±0.331mm和0.303±0.004g。观察到不同年龄之间脾脏直径和重量的差异具有统计学意义（p<0.01）。组织学上，脾脏在产前被薄的包膜包围，在产后逐渐变厚。脾髓在胚胎期第15天（ED15）未分化为白髓和红髓，但在产前后期（ED18）和产后逐渐分化为白髓和红髓。研究期间各阶段脾脏的生长和发育均显著。目前的研究表明，鸡的脾细胞群体、结构和功能在组织学上与人类脾脏相似。还发现鸡胚胎便于对脾脏发育的所有阶段进行实验，因此本研究将有助于淋巴器官的实验以及了解人类免疫疾病的病理生理学。
