Cimbaluk David, Pitelka Lisa, Kluskens Larry, Gattuso Paolo
Department of Pathology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
Diagn Cytopathol. 2009 Oct;37(10):773-9. doi: 10.1002/dc.21147.
Polyomavirus BK (BKV) has ebeen identified as the main cause of polyomavirus-associated nephropathy, a major cause of renal allograft failure. Although BKV-associated nephropathy develops in only 2% to 5% of renal transplant recipients, its prognosis when present is very poor, with irreversible graft failure developing in 45% of affected patients. While the use of urine cytology for the detection of decoy cells has been in use for decades, other diagnostic modalities to detect BKV have emerged, including tissue biopsy, polymerase chain reaction, viral culture, and serology. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the laboratory technique best suited for clinical monitoring. This review article will discuss essential and clinical features of polyomavirus, followed by a discussion pertaining to the various diagnostic modalities that contribute to detecting polyomavirus-associated nephropathy.
多瘤病毒BK（BKV）已被确定为多瘤病毒相关性肾病的主要病因，这是肾移植失败的一个主要原因。虽然BK病毒相关性肾病仅在2%至5%的肾移植受者中发生，但其一旦出现，预后非常差，45%的受影响患者会出现不可逆转的移植失败。虽然使用尿液细胞学检测诱饵细胞已经有几十年了，但其他检测BKV的诊断方法也已出现，包括组织活检、聚合酶链反应、病毒培养和血清学。目前，对于最适合临床监测的实验室技术尚无共识。这篇综述文章将讨论多瘤病毒的基本特征和临床特征，随后讨论有助于检测多瘤病毒相关性肾病的各种诊断方法。
