Nishimura K, Miyashita K, Yoshida Y, Kuroda M, Matsumoto M, Matsumoto K, Takeda S, Hara I
Department of Hygiene, Wakayama Medical University.
Sangyo Igaku. 1990 Nov;32(6):448-53. doi: 10.1539/joh1959.32.448.
An epidemiological study of lung cancer was carried out in two dyestuff factories (Factory K and U), where bis (chloromethyl) ether, BCME, was manufactured and used in the initial process of dyestuff production in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. BCME was used from 1955 to 1970 in Factory K, and from 1960 to 1968 in Factory U. Subjects were 35 men who had been exposed to BCME in each factory. In this study 13 lung cancer cases were found (including 5 cases reported by Sakabe (Ind Health 1973]. The main results obtained were as follows: 1) The exposure period of 13 lung cancer cases to BCME was 86.9 +/- 34.9 months (mean +/- SD) and the latent period was 13.5 +/- 6.6 yr. The age at death was 46.1 +/- 9.5 yr and 7 cases died between the age of 40 and 49. 2) The initial symptoms of lung cancer due to BCME were not different from those of non-occupational lung cancer. The identified histological types of eight cancer cases were small cell carcinoma in 5 cases, adenocarcinoma in 3 cases and large cell carcinoma in the remaining case. 3) Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 23.5 at Factory K and 17.9 at Factory U. An excess death due to lung cancer among workers exposed to BCME was observed. 4) The shortest exposure period of the 13 lung cancer cases was only 23 months and therefore workers who had been exposed to BCME for under 3 yr must be examined for lung cancer periodically.
在日本和歌山县的两家染料厂（K厂和U厂）开展了一项肺癌流行病学研究，这两家工厂在染料生产的初始过程中制造并使用双（氯甲基）醚（BCME）。K厂在1955年至1970年期间使用BCME，U厂在1960年至1968年期间使用。研究对象为每家工厂中35名接触过BCME的男性。本研究共发现13例肺癌病例（包括坂部报告的5例[《工业卫生》1973年]）。主要研究结果如下：1）13例肺癌病例接触BCME的时间为86.9±34.9个月（均值±标准差），潜伏期为13.5±6.6年。死亡年龄为46.1±9.5岁，7例在40至49岁之间死亡。2）BCME所致肺癌的初始症状与非职业性肺癌无异。8例确诊癌症病例的组织学类型为小细胞癌5例、腺癌3例，其余1例为大细胞癌。3）K厂的标准化死亡比（SMR）为23.5，U厂为17.9。观察到接触BCME的工人中肺癌死亡人数过多。4）13例肺癌病例中最短接触时间仅为23个月，因此必须定期对接触BCME不足3年的工人进行肺癌检查。
