Meissner W W
Psychoanalytic Institute of New England East, USA.
J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 2009 Aug;57(4):807-45. doi: 10.1177/0003065109342572. Epub 2009 Jul 23.
This essay explores the possibility of an alternative hypothesis to the prevailing psychoanalytic instinctual drive theory whose theoretical and clinical validity has been variously critiqued and challenged. Arguments are suggested in support of the concept of motive as a viable alternative theory to the drive theory and as a replacement for the traditional instinctual drive model. Issues discussed include the understanding of the mind-body relation, the meaning of psychic determinism and overdetermination, the opposition of drive vs. motive (and the related distinction of cause vs. motive), the meaning of psychic energy, and the difference between the concept of drives as the source of all mental energy and the concept of personal agency. The discussion concludes with some observations on the clinical implications of these concepts.
本文探讨了一种替代主流精神分析本能驱力理论的假说的可能性，该主流理论的理论和临床有效性受到了各种批评和挑战。文中提出了一些论点，以支持将动机概念作为驱力理论的可行替代理论，并取代传统的本能驱力模型。讨论的问题包括对身心关系的理解、心理决定论和过度决定论的含义、驱力与动机的对立（以及原因与动机的相关区别）、心理能量的含义，以及将驱力概念视为所有心理能量的来源与个人能动性概念之间的差异。讨论最后对这些概念的临床意义进行了一些观察。
