血小板高反应性、清道夫受体与动脉粥样硬化血栓形成
Platelet hyperreactivity, scavenger receptors and atherothrombosis.
作者信息
Valiyaveettil M, Podrez E A
机构信息
Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
出版信息
J Thromb Haemost. 2009 Jul;7 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):218-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03422.x.
Abstract
Scavenger receptors (SRs) were initially identified as macrophage receptors that recognize modified lipoproteins. The lists of SRs, their ligands and cells expressing SRs have been significantly extended during the last two decades. What has become clear is that many ligands of SRs are present in vivo only in pathologic conditions. Several SRs have been identified on platelets with the best studied being scavenger receptors CD36 and SR-BI. Platelet SRs are multiligand receptors with properties of pattern recognition receptors. CD36 and SR-BI are exposed on resting platelets, while other SRs are rapidly expressed upon platelet activation. Thus, platelets may serve as sensors of 'pathologic ligands' in circulation. The role of platelet SRs in platelet physiology is still poorly understood. However, the data are accumulating that SR ligands, present in the circulation under pathologic conditions, interact with platelet SR and modulate platelet reactivity, thereby contributing to thrombosis and cardiovascular pathology.
摘要
清道夫受体（SRs）最初被鉴定为识别修饰脂蛋白的巨噬细胞受体。在过去二十年中，SRs及其配体以及表达SRs的细胞种类显著增加。目前已经明确的是，许多SRs的配体仅在病理条件下存在于体内。已在血小板上鉴定出几种SRs，其中研究最多的是清道夫受体CD36和SR-BI。血小板SRs是具有模式识别受体特性的多配体受体。CD36和SR-BI在静息血小板上暴露，而其他SRs在血小板激活后迅速表达。因此，血小板可能作为循环中“病理配体”的传感器。血小板SRs在血小板生理学中的作用仍知之甚少。然而，越来越多的数据表明，病理条件下循环中的SR配体与血小板SR相互作用并调节血小板反应性，从而导致血栓形成和心血管病理。
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