Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
J Anim Breed Genet. 2009 Aug;126(4):259-68. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0388.2008.00782.x.
The objective of this study was to estimate the effects of breed, sex, and halothane (HAL-1843) genotype on fatty acid composition of triacylglycerols (TAG) and phospholipids (PL) extracted from porcine longissimus muscle (LM). Purebred Yorkshire (n = 131), Duroc (n = 136), Hampshire (n = 49), Spotted (n = 35), Chester White (n = 74), Poland China (n = 51), Berkshire (n = 169) and Landrace (n = 82) pigs (n = 727; 427 barrows and 300 gilts) from the 1994 and 2001 National Barrow Show Sire Progeny Tests were used. For statistical analyses, a mixed model was used that included fixed effects of breed, sex, HAL-1843(TM) genotype, year, slaughter date within each year, interaction of breed x sex and random effects of sire and dam within breed. Breeds and sex were significantly associated with the percentages of the majority fatty acids in TAG. Duroc pigs had greater total saturated fatty acids (SFA) and lower total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (p < 0.05) contents than did pigs of all other breeds except Berkshire (p > 0.05). The concentration of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was the greatest in Hampshire pigs (p < 0.05). The content of total SFA was greater (p < 0.01), whereas the concentrations of total MUFA and PUFA were lower (p < 0.01) in barrows than those in gilts. The contents of major SFA in PL did not differ significantly among pigs from different breeds and sex groups. However, breed and sex significantly affected the concentrations of major MUFA and PUFA in PL and strong negative correlation between the total contents of MUFA and PUFA in PL was observed in the current study. Chester White pigs had greater total MUFA and lower total PUFA contents (p < 0.05) in PL than did pigs of all other breeds except Spotted (p > 0.05). In contrast to breed and sex effects, the concentrations of fatty acids in PL were more affected by HAL-1843 genotype than those in TAG. The content of C16:0, a major SFA in PL, differed significantly in pigs with different HAL-1843 genotypes. In conclusion, these results suggest that breed and sex are important sources of the variations for fatty acid composition of TAG and PL in LM.
本研究的目的是评估品种、性别和氟烷（HAL-1843）基因型对猪背最长肌（LM）中三酰基甘油（TAG）和磷脂（PL）的脂肪酸组成的影响。使用了来自 1994 年和 2001 年全国巴罗展示种猪后裔测试的纯种种猪（约克夏猪[n = 131]、杜洛克猪[n = 136]、汉普夏猪[n = 49]、斑点猪[n = 35]、切斯特白猪[n = 74]、波兰中国猪[n = 51]、伯克夏猪[n = 169]和长白猪[n = 82]）的公猪（n = 427）和母猪（n = 300）。用于统计分析的混合模型包括品种、性别、HAL-1843（TM）基因型、年份、每年屠宰日期、品种 x 性别相互作用以及品种内 sire 和 dam 的随机效应等固定效应。品种和性别与 TAG 中大多数脂肪酸的百分比显著相关。与除伯克夏猪外的所有其他品种相比，杜洛克猪的总饱和脂肪酸（SFA）含量更高，总单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）含量更低（p < 0.05）。汉普夏猪的总多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）浓度最高（p < 0.05）。公猪的总 SFA 含量较高（p < 0.01），MUFA 和 PUFA 的总浓度较低（p < 0.01）。不同品种和性别组猪的 PL 中主要 SFA 的含量无显著差异。然而，品种和性别显著影响 PL 中主要 MUFA 和 PUFA 的浓度，并且在本研究中观察到 PL 中 MUFA 和 PUFA 的总含量之间存在强烈的负相关。与其他所有品种相比，切斯特白猪的 PL 总 MUFA 含量更高，总 PUFA 含量更低（p < 0.05），除了斑点猪（p > 0.05）。与品种和性别效应不同，PL 中脂肪酸的浓度比 TAG 更受 HAL-1843 基因型的影响。PL 中主要 SFA 之一 C16:0 的含量在不同 HAL-1843 基因型的猪中存在显著差异。总之，这些结果表明，品种和性别是 LM 中 TAG 和 PL 脂肪酸组成变化的重要来源。
