Zhang S, Knight T J, Stalder K J, Goodwin R N, Lonergan S M, Beitz D C
Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2007 Mar;85(3):583-91. doi: 10.2527/jas.2006-239. Epub 2006 Oct 23.
The objective of this study was to estimate the effects of breed, sex, and halothane genotype on fatty acid composition and several fatty acid indices of lipid extracted from porcine LM. Purebred Yorkshire (n = 436), Duroc (n = 353), Hampshire (n = 218), Spotted (n = 187), Chester White (n = 173), Poland China (n = 124), Berkshire (n = 256), and Landrace (n = 187) pigs (n = 1,934; 1,128 barrows and 806 gilts) from 1991, 1992, 1994, and 2001 National Barrow Show Sire Progeny Tests were used. Pigs were classified as the HAL-1843 normal (NN) genotype (n = 1,718) or the HAL-1843 carrier (Nn) genotype (n = 216). For statistical analysis, a mixed model was used that included fixed effects of breed, sex, halothane genotype, test, slaughter date, interaction of breed x sex, and random effects of sire and dam within breed. Breed significantly affected the concentration of individual fatty acids, total lipid content, and the values of several fatty acid indices of LM. Duroc pigs had the greatest (P < 0.01) content of total SFA. Total MUFA concentration in Poland China pigs was greater (P < 0.05) than in all other breeds except the Spotted (P > 0.05). The concentrations of total PUFA were greater (P < 0.01) in Hampshire, Landrace, and Yorkshire pigs compared with those of other breeds. Significant sex differences for individual fatty acids were detected. Compared with gilts, barrows had greater (P < 0.01) concentrations of SFA and MUFA but lower (P < 0.01) total PUFA. Halothane genotype was a significant source of variation for the percentages of some fatty acids. Pigs with the carrier (Nn) genotype had lower concentrations of SFA (P < 0.05) and MUFA (P < 0.01) but a greater concentration of PUFA (P < 0.01) compared with NN pigs. There were significant negative correlations between total lipid content and individual PUFA and significant positive correlations between lipid concentration and most individual SFA and MUFA. In conclusion, the results suggest that breed and sex are important sources of variation for fatty acid composition of LM.
本研究的目的是评估品种、性别和氟烷基因型对从猪的腰大肌中提取的脂质的脂肪酸组成和几个脂肪酸指数的影响。使用了来自1991年、1992年、1994年和2001年全国公猪展种猪后代测试的纯种约克夏猪（n = 436）、杜洛克猪（n = 353）、汉普夏猪（n = 218）、斑点猪（n = 187）、切斯特白猪（n = 173）、波中猪（n = 124）、伯克夏猪（n = 256）和长白猪（n = 187）（n = 1,934；1,128头阉公猪和806头小母猪）。猪被分为HAL - 1843正常（NN）基因型（n = 1,718）或HAL - 1843携带者（Nn）基因型（n = 216）。为了进行统计分析，使用了一个混合模型，该模型包括品种、性别、氟烷基因型、测试、屠宰日期、品种×性别的交互作用的固定效应，以及品种内父本和母本的随机效应。品种对腰大肌中单个脂肪酸的浓度、总脂质含量以及几个脂肪酸指数的值有显著影响。杜洛克猪的总饱和脂肪酸（SFA）含量最高（P < 0.01）。波中猪的总单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）浓度高于除斑点猪外的所有其他品种（P < 0.05），与斑点猪相比差异不显著（P > 0.05）。与其他品种相比，汉普夏猪、长白猪和约克夏猪的总多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）浓度更高（P < 0.01）。检测到单个脂肪酸存在显著的性别差异。与小母猪相比，阉公猪的SFA和MUFA浓度更高（P < 0.01），但总PUFA浓度更低（P < 0.01）。氟烷基因型是一些脂肪酸百分比变异的重要来源。与NN基因型猪相比，携带（Nn）基因型的猪SFA（P < 0.05）和MUFA（P < 0.01）浓度较低，但PUFA浓度较高（P < 0.01）。总脂质含量与单个PUFA之间存在显著的负相关，脂质浓度与大多数单个SFA和MUFA之间存在显著的正相关。总之，结果表明品种和性别是腰大肌脂肪酸组成变异的重要来源。
