University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, Center Scientist, Self-management Science Center, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413, USA.
Nurs Outlook. 2009 Jul-Aug;57(4):217-225.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2008.10.004.
Current evidence indicates that individuals and families who engage in self-management (SM) behaviors improve their health outcomes. While the results of these studies are promising, there is little agreement as to the critical components of SM or directions for future study. This article offers an organized perspective of similar and divergent ideas related to SM. Unique contributions of prior work are highlighted and findings from studies are summarized. A new descriptive mid-range theory, Individual and Family Self-management Theory, is presented; assumptions are identified, concepts defined, and proposed relationships are outlined. This theory adds to the literature on SM by focusing on individuals, dyads within the family, or the family unit as a whole; explicating process components of SM; and proposing use of proximal and distal outcomes.
目前的证据表明，参与自我管理 (SM) 行为的个人和家庭可以改善他们的健康结果。尽管这些研究的结果很有希望，但对于 SM 的关键组成部分或未来研究的方向，尚未达成共识。本文提供了一种与 SM 相关的相似和不同观点的有条理视角。突出了先前工作的独特贡献，并总结了研究结果。提出了一种新的描述性中程理论，即个体和家庭自我管理理论；确定了假设，定义了概念，并概述了拟议的关系。该理论通过关注个体、家庭中的二元关系或整个家庭单位；详细阐述了 SM 的过程组成部分；并提出了使用近端和远端结果，为 SM 文献做出了贡献。
