Trachtenberg Barry H, Hare Joshua M
University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Heart Fail Clin. 2009 Oct;5(4):561-77. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2009.04.003.
Oxidative stress is the relative excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) versus endogenous defense mechanisms. Abundant evidence has demonstrated the role of ROS, along with reactive nitrogen species (RNS), in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, including heart failure. Many biomarkers of oxidative stress have been studied as surrogates of oxidative damage. Recently, markers of impaired nitric oxide signaling have also been identified. Many biomarkers have been associated with prognosis and mortality, and some may even be modified by therapy. However, the clinical utility is limited by less than optimal standardization techniques and the lack of sufficient large-sized, multimarker prospective trials.
氧化应激是指活性氧（ROS）相对于内源性防御机制的相对过量。大量证据表明，ROS以及活性氮（RNS）在包括心力衰竭在内的心血管疾病的病理生理学中发挥作用。许多氧化应激生物标志物已作为氧化损伤的替代指标进行了研究。最近，一氧化氮信号受损的标志物也已被确定。许多生物标志物与预后和死亡率相关，有些甚至可能会因治疗而改变。然而，临床应用受到标准化技术欠佳以及缺乏足够的大型、多标志物前瞻性试验的限制。
