Department of Hydraulics, Transportation and Roads, Faculty of Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy.
J Hazard Mater. 2009 Nov 15;171(1-3):1126-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.06.128. Epub 2009 Jun 30.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the suitability of a Biological Aerated Filter (BAF) plant as an alternative process or an upgrading step for the treatment of domestic wastewater from the city of Rome, Italy. The results obtained through a three years experimental activity on a pilot-scale BAF plant fed with real wastewater showed high process efficiencies and stable performance for both carbon and ammonia oxidation. The effluent quality met, on average basis, 68 mg/L total COD (COD(tot)), 37 mg/L Total Suspended Solids (TSS), 3.3mg/L ammonia-nitrogen (NH(4)(+)-N) and 21.1mg/L nitrate-nitrogen (NO(3)(-)-N). Despite the good performance, the high content of suspended solids in the influent stream caused filter bed clogging and frequent backwashing operations were required. Therefore, in the last part of the experimental activity a pre-treatment step was adopted prior to the biological step, consisting of chemical precipitation by lime addition. The influent quality parameters were consequently modified; for instance the particulate matter content was reduced by about 73%. The process efficiency of both ammonia and organic carbon oxidation did not modify appreciably; however, a beneficial effect was obtained on the frequency of the backwashing phase, which could be reduced by half. Since the new combined chemical-biological system demonstrated to be a valid alternative to the activated sludge treatment plant, a modeling activity was finally performed with the aim of evaluating the design parameters of a full-scale BAF plant fed with the same pre-treated wastewater as used in the experimental activity. The results of this phase are also herewith presented and discussed.
本研究旨在探讨生物曝气滤池（BAF）作为替代工艺或升级步骤用于处理意大利罗马市生活污水的适用性。通过在一个小型 BAF 工厂进行了三年的实验活动，该工厂使用实际废水作为处理对象，结果表明，BAF 对碳和氨氧化具有较高的处理效率和稳定的性能。出水水质平均满足以下要求：总 COD（COD(tot)）为 68mg/L、总悬浮固体（TSS）为 37mg/L、氨氮（NH(4)(+)-N）为 3.3mg/L、硝酸盐氮（NO(3)(-)-N）为 21.1mg/L。尽管性能良好，但高浓度的悬浮固体在进水流中导致滤床堵塞，需要频繁进行反冲洗操作。因此，在实验活动的最后部分，在生物处理步骤之前采用了预处理步骤，包括添加石灰进行化学沉淀。因此，进水质量参数发生了变化；例如，颗粒物含量减少了约 73%。氨和有机碳氧化的处理效率没有明显改变；然而，反冲洗阶段的频率得到了有益的改善，可以减少一半。由于新的化学-生物联合系统被证明是活性污泥处理厂的有效替代方案，因此最后进行了建模活动，旨在评估采用与实验活动中相同预处理废水作为进水的全规模 BAF 工厂的设计参数。本研究还介绍和讨论了这一阶段的结果。
