Metal Extraction and Forming Division, National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur 831007, India.
J Hazard Mater. 2009 Nov 15;171(1-3):61-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.06.099. Epub 2009 Jun 25.
Every metal and metallurgical industry is associated with the generation of waste, which may be a solid, liquid or gaseous in nature. Their impacts on the ecological bodies are noticeable due to their complex and hazardous nature affecting the living and non-living environment which is an alarming issue to the environmentalist. The increasingly stringent regulations regarding the discharge of acid and metal into the environment, and the increasing stress upon the recycling/reuse of these effluents after proper treatment have focused the interest of the research community on the development of new approaches for the recovery of acid and metals from industrial wastes. This paper is a critical review on the acidic waste streams generated from steel and electroplating industries particularly from waste pickle liquor and spent bleed streams. Various aspects on the generation of these streams and the methods used for their treatment either for the recovery of acid for reuse or disposal are being dealt with. Major stress is laid upon the hydrometallurgical methods such as solvent extraction.
每个金属和冶金工业都会产生废物，这些废物可能是固态、液态或气态的。由于其复杂和危险的性质，会对生活和非生活环境产生影响，这对环保主义者来说是一个令人担忧的问题。关于将酸和金属排放到环境中的规定越来越严格，以及在经过适当处理后对这些废水进行再循环/再利用的压力越来越大，这使得研究界对开发从工业废物中回收酸和金属的新方法产生了兴趣。本文对钢铁和电镀行业产生的酸性废水进行了批判性回顾，特别是对废酸洗液和废酸液的研究。本文探讨了这些废水的产生及其处理方法，包括回收酸以重复使用或处理的方法。本文主要关注溶剂萃取等湿法冶金方法。
