Loza Sergey, Loza Natalia, Korzhov Alexander, Romanyuk Nazar, Kovalchuk Nikita, Melnikov Stanislav
Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry and High Technologies, Kuban State University, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia.
Membranes (Basel). 2022 Nov 27;12(12):1196. doi: 10.3390/membranes12121196.
In the present study, the problem of sulfuric acid recycling from spent copper plating solution was solved using a hybrid membrane technology, including diffusion dialysis and electrodialysis. A real solution from the production of copper-coated steel wire, containing 1.45 mol/L of sulfuric acid, 0.67 mol/L of ferrous sulfate and 0.176 mol/L of copper sulfate, was processed. Diffusion dialysis with anion-exchange membranes was used to separate sulfuric acid and salts of heavy metals. Then, purified dilute sulfuric acid was concentrated by electrodialysis. The energy consumption for sulfuric acid electrodialysis concentration at a current density of 400 A/m was 162 W·h/mol, with a current efficiency of 16%. After processing according to the hybrid membrane scheme, the solution contained 1.13 mol/L sulfuric acid, 0.077 mol/L ferrous sulfate and 0.022 mol/L copper sulfate. According to established requirements, the solution of a copper plating bath had to contain from 0.75 to 1.25 M sulfuric acid, 0.16-0.18 M of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate not more than 0.15 M. The resulting acid solution with a small amount of ferrous sulfate and copper sulfate could be used to prepare a copper plating bath solution.
在本研究中，采用包括扩散渗析和电渗析在内的混合膜技术解决了从废铜电镀液中回收硫酸的问题。对一种来自铜包钢线生产的实际溶液进行了处理，该溶液含有1.45摩尔/升的硫酸、0.67摩尔/升的硫酸亚铁和0.176摩尔/升的硫酸铜。使用阴离子交换膜的扩散渗析来分离硫酸和重金属盐。然后，通过电渗析将纯化后的稀硫酸浓缩。在电流密度为400 A/m² 时，硫酸电渗析浓缩的能耗为162 W·h/mol，电流效率为16%。按照混合膜方案进行处理后，溶液中含有1.13摩尔/升的硫酸、0.077摩尔/升的硫酸亚铁和0.022摩尔/升的硫酸铜。根据既定要求，镀铜槽溶液必须含有0.75至1.25 M的硫酸、0.16 - 0.18 M的硫酸铜且硫酸亚铁不超过0.15 M。所得含有少量硫酸亚铁和硫酸铜的酸性溶液可用于制备镀铜槽溶液。
