Francisco I, Arias M, Cortiñas F J, Francisco R, Mochales E, Sánchez J A, Uriarte J, Suárez J L, Morrondo P, Sánchez-Andrade R, Díez-Baños P, Paz-Silva A
Animal Pathology Department, Epidemiology, Zoonoses and Parasitic diseases, Veterinary Faculty, Santiago de Compostela University, Campus Universitario, s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
Vet Parasitol. 2009 Oct 14;164(2-4):357-62. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.06.018. Epub 2009 Jun 24.
Two groups of autochthonous Pura Raza Galega (PRG) horses, one comprising 483 animals under a silvopasturing regime, and the other comprising 72 PRG horses managed in farms, were used to analyse the effect of silvopasture on infection by endoparasites. Results were considered according to the age and the sex of the horses. Faecal samples were individually collected from each animal and analysed by the coprological flotation, sedimentation and migration techniques. Coprocultures were also done to identify the main strongylid genera affecting the horses. Eggs from the gastrointestinal nematoda Parascaris equorum, strongyles and Oxyuris equi were the only endoparasites observed in the faeces of the horses. Larvae of Trichonema and Cyalocephalus spp. (small strongyles) and Strongylus and Triodontophorus (large strongyles) were identified in the coprocultures. The silvopasturing horses had the highest prevalence of the helminth parasites. The percentage of horses passing ascarid eggs was significantly higher in pasturing horses younger than 3 years. The prevalence of strongyles was statistically greater in the oldest grazing equines. Mares reached the highest prevalence of helminth egg output. Our results showed that native horses kept under silvopasture had the highest prevalence of the ascarids, strongyles and oxyurids, possibly due to their exposure to contaminated grazing areas, lack of appropriate feeding and control of their health status. We conclude that silvopasture increases the presence of infection by gastrointestinal nematoda in wild horses, especially by strongyles. Suitable measures to control parasitic diseases affecting horses in silvopasture should be considered in those systems.
两组本地的加利西亚纯种马（PRG）被用于分析林牧系统对体内寄生虫感染的影响。一组由483匹处于林牧系统下的马匹组成，另一组由72匹在农场饲养的PRG马组成。结果根据马的年龄和性别进行考量。从每匹马单独采集粪便样本，并通过粪便浮选、沉淀和迁移技术进行分析。还进行了粪便培养以鉴定影响马匹的主要圆线虫属。马胃线虫副蛔虫、圆线虫和马尖尾线虫的虫卵是在马粪便中观察到的仅有的体内寄生虫。在粪便培养中鉴定出了毛圆线虫属和杯首属（小型圆线虫）以及圆线虫属和三齿圆线虫属（大型圆线虫）的幼虫。林牧系统下的马匹体内寄生虫感染率最高。3岁以下放牧马排出蛔虫卵的比例显著更高。最年长的放牧马匹中圆线虫的感染率在统计学上更高。母马体内寄生虫卵排出率最高。我们的结果表明，处于林牧系统下的本地马蛔虫、圆线虫和尖尾线虫的感染率最高，这可能是由于它们接触了受污染的放牧区域、缺乏适当的饲养以及对其健康状况缺乏管控。我们得出结论，林牧系统增加了野马胃肠道线虫的感染率，尤其是圆线虫。在这些系统中应考虑采取适当措施来控制影响林牧系统中马匹的寄生虫疾病。
