Perez J Christian, Groisman Eduardo A
Department of Molecular Microbiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8230, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Cell. 2009 Jul 23;138(2):233-44. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.07.002.
Related organisms typically respond to a given cue by altering the level or activity of orthologous transcription factors, which, paradoxically, often regulate expression of distinct gene sets. Although promoter rewiring of shared genes is primarily responsible for regulatory differences among related eukaryotic species, in bacteria, species-specific genes are often controlled by ancestral transcription factors, and regulatory circuit evolution has been further shaped by horizontal gene transfer. Modifications in transcription factors and in promoter structure also contribute to divergence in bacterial regulatory circuits.
相关生物体通常通过改变直系同源转录因子的水平或活性来对给定的信号作出反应，而矛盾的是，这些转录因子往往调控不同基因集的表达。尽管共享基因的启动子重排是相关真核生物物种间调控差异的主要原因，但在细菌中，物种特异性基因通常由祖先转录因子控制，并且调控回路的进化还受到水平基因转移的进一步影响。转录因子和启动子结构的改变也导致了细菌调控回路的差异。
