Behavioral Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16803, United States.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2009 Nov;34(10):1437-48. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.06.017. Epub 2009 Jul 25.
The non-invasive measurement of cortisol in saliva has enabled behavioral scientists to explore the correlates and concomitants of the interaction between the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, intrinsic factors, and social forces as they occur naturally in everyday life. The widespread integration of salivary cortisol into behavioral science has also revealed that omnipresent features of everyday life such as, over-the-counter and prescription medications, have the capacity to influence measurement validity. We identify several pathways by which pharmacologic agents could influence salivary cortisol, including (a) direct agonistic and antagonistic effects on the HPA axis, (b) indirect effects on physiological systems networked with the HPA axis, (c) moderation or mediation effects on cortisol secretion via pharmacologically induced change in subjective experience, (d) iatrogenic effects on the availability or composition of saliva, or the diffusion of serum constituents into oral fluid, and (e) cross-reactivities with antibodies used to detect cortisol by immunoassay. Specific medications with the capacity to influence salivary cortisol via these pathways are documented in an effort to procedurally and statistically minimize this potential source of error variance in the next generation of studies.
唾液中皮质醇的非侵入性测量使行为科学家能够探索下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺 (HPA) 轴的活动、内在因素和社会力量之间相互作用的相关性和伴随因素，因为它们在日常生活中自然发生。唾液皮质醇在行为科学中的广泛应用也揭示了日常生活中无处不在的特征，如非处方和处方药物，有能力影响测量的有效性。我们确定了几种药物可能影响唾液皮质醇的途径，包括 (a) 对 HPA 轴的直接激动和拮抗作用，(b) 对与 HPA 轴网络的生理系统的间接影响，(c) 通过药物引起的主观体验变化对皮质醇分泌的调节或介导作用，(d) 对唾液可用性或组成或血清成分扩散到口腔液的医源性影响，以及 (e) 与免疫测定法检测皮质醇的抗体的交叉反应性。记录了具有通过这些途径影响唾液皮质醇能力的特定药物，以努力在下一代研究中程序性和统计性地最小化这种潜在的误差方差源。
