Soll David R, Wessels Deborah, Kuhl Spencer, Lusche Daniel F
Department of Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Eukaryot Cell. 2009 Sep;8(9):1381-96. doi: 10.1128/EC.00121-09. Epub 2009 Jul 24.
The movements of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae translocating on a glass surface in the absence of chemoattractant have been reconstructed at 5-second intervals and motion analyzed by employing 3D-DIAS software. A morphometric analysis of pseudopods, the main cell body, and the uropod provides a comprehensive description of the basic motile behavior of a cell in four dimensions (4D), resulting in a list of 18 characteristics. A similar analysis of the myosin II phosphorylation mutant 3XASP reveals a role for the cortical localization of myosin II in the suppression of lateral pseudopods, formation of the uropod, cytoplasmic distribution of cytoplasm in the main cell body, and efficient motility. The results of the morphometric analysis suggest that pseudopods, the main cell body, and the uropod represent three motility compartments that are coordinated for efficient translocation. It provides a contextual framework for interpreting the effects of mutations, inhibitors, and chemoattractants on the basic motile behavior of D. discoideum. The generality of the characteristics of the basic motile behavior of D. discoideum must now be tested by similar 4D analyses of the motility of amoeboid cells of higher eukaryotic cells, in particular human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
在没有趋化因子的情况下，以5秒的间隔重建了盘基网柄菌变形虫在玻璃表面上的移动，并使用3D-DIAS软件对运动进行了分析。对伪足、主要细胞体和尾足进行形态计量分析，全面描述了细胞在四个维度（4D）上的基本运动行为，得出了18个特征列表。对肌球蛋白II磷酸化突变体3XASP进行的类似分析揭示了肌球蛋白II的皮质定位在抑制侧向伪足、尾足形成、主要细胞体中细胞质的细胞质分布以及有效运动中的作用。形态计量分析结果表明，伪足、主要细胞体和尾足代表了三个运动区室，它们相互协调以实现高效的移动。它为解释突变、抑制剂和趋化因子对盘基网柄菌基本运动行为的影响提供了一个背景框架。现在必须通过对高等真核细胞，特别是人类多形核白细胞的变形细胞运动进行类似的4D分析，来检验盘基网柄菌基本运动行为特征的普遍性。
