Rosati R, Dellavia C, Colombo A, De Menezes M, Sforza C
Functional Anatomy Research Center (FARC), Laboratory of Functional Anatomy of the Stomatognatic Apparatus, Department of Human Morphology and Biomedical Sciences ''Città Studi'', Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Minerva Stomatol. 2009 Jul-Aug;58(7-8):347-57.
The aim of this paper was to evaluate directional and fluctuating asymmetry, nostril and alar divergence in the nasal base of healthy young adults. To estimate nostril area and to investigate its relationships with cutaneous nasal area.
Three-dimensional plaster models of the nose of 20 young healthy white adults were obtained, digitized and mathematically reconstructed using Non Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS) curves. Linear distances (alar length, nostril axis length), angles (interalar angle, interaxial angle; angle between each nostril and alar axes), and surface areas (cutaneous nasal surface; right and left nostril area) were computed using NURBS-reconstructed models.
The left side nasal structures were somewhat larger than the homologous right side ones (P<0.05). Nostril axis was approximately 60% of the corresponding alar length. Nostril area was approximately 3% of cutaneous nasal area. Alar length explained 31-36% of the individual variations in nostril axis length. Cutaneous nasal area explained 54-56% of nostril area, while the interalar angle explained 35% of the variations in interaxial angle.
The method provided simple measurements of nasal base dimensions and asymmetry; some asymmetry was found also in healthy adults; only moderate relationships between nostril and alar dimensions and angles, as well as between nasal and nostril areas, were found, thus pointing to the necessity of detailed nostril assessments.
本文旨在评估健康年轻成年人鼻基底的方向性和波动性不对称、鼻孔及鼻翼差异。估算鼻孔面积并研究其与鼻皮肤面积的关系。
获取20名健康年轻白人成年人鼻子的三维石膏模型，使用非均匀有理B样条曲线（NURBS）进行数字化处理和数学重建。利用NURBS重建模型计算线性距离（鼻翼长度、鼻孔轴长度）、角度（鼻翼间角度、轴间角度；每个鼻孔与鼻翼轴之间的角度）和表面积（鼻皮肤表面；左右鼻孔面积）。
左侧鼻结构略大于右侧同源结构（P<0.05）。鼻孔轴约为相应鼻翼长度的60%。鼻孔面积约为鼻皮肤面积的3%。鼻翼长度解释了鼻孔轴长度个体差异的31 - 36%。鼻皮肤面积解释了鼻孔面积的54 - 56%，而鼻翼间角度解释了轴间角度变化的35%。
该方法提供了鼻基底尺寸和不对称性的简单测量；在健康成年人中也发现了一些不对称性；鼻孔与鼻翼尺寸和角度之间，以及鼻与鼻孔面积之间仅存在中等程度的关系，因此表明有必要对鼻孔进行详细评估。
