Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2009 Feb;38(2):164-74. doi: 10.1007/s10964-008-9352-1. Epub 2008 Oct 16.
Physiologic reactivity to racially rejecting images was assessed in 35 young adults (10 males, 25 female) from African-American backgrounds using the startle probe paradigm. In a laboratory setting, participants viewed 16 images depicting racial rejection, racial acceptance, nonracial negative, and nonracial positive themes. While viewing these images, startling bursts of noise were presented and the magnitude of the eyeblink responses were measured. Results supported an attentional mechanism which suggests that, while viewing both racially rejecting and nonracial positive images, individuals may be so absorbed in processing the images that they appear less distracted by the startling noise. However, these patterns were only found for participants low in racial regard. Young adults who felt positively about their racial background did not exhibit differential processing of startle stimuli as a function of slide themes. Race-rejection sensitivity did not moderate startle reactivity. Developmental implications, particularly in light of coping with racial discrimination, are discussed.
使用 startle 探测范式，评估了 35 名具有非裔美国人背景的年轻成年人（10 名男性，25 名女性）对种族排斥图像的生理反应。在实验室环境中，参与者观看了 16 张描绘种族排斥、种族接受、非种族负面和非种族积极主题的图像。在观看这些图像时，会出现令人惊讶的噪声爆发，并测量眨眼反应的幅度。结果支持了一种注意力机制，表明在观看种族排斥和非种族积极的图像时，个体可能会全神贯注地处理图像，以至于他们对令人惊讶的噪音的分心程度降低。然而，这些模式仅在种族关注度低的参与者中发现。对自己的种族背景持积极态度的年轻人并没有根据幻灯片主题表现出对 startle 刺激的不同处理。种族排斥敏感性并不能调节 startle 反应性。讨论了发展意义，特别是在应对种族歧视方面。
