Avnon Lone S, Smolikov Alexander, Almog Yaniv
Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Isr Med Assoc J. 2009 May;11(5):261-5.
The most common and most serious complication of varicella (chickenpox) in adults is pneumonia, which can lead to severe respiratory failure. Varicella pneumonia is associated with considerable morbidity and even death.
To summarize our experience with varicella pneumonia in terms of clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics as well as risk factors, management and outcome.
We conducted a retrospective cohort survey in our facility from 1995 to 2008.
Our cohort comprised 21 patients with varicella pneumonia, of whom 19 (90%) were men; their mean age was 35 +/- 10.5 years. Nineteen patients (90%) were Bedouins and 18 (86%) were smokers. Eleven (52%) were admitted to the Medical Intensive Care Unit; 3 of them required mechanical ventilation and the remaining 10 (48%) were admitted to the general medical ward. Median length of stay was 6 +/- 7.7 days. Hypoxemia and elevated lactate dehydrogenase on admission were associated with respiratory failure. Radiological manifestations were variable and nine patients exhibited characteristic findings. All but one patient were treated with acyclovir. All patients fully recovered.
In southern Israel varicella pneumonia is primarily a disease ofyoung male Bedouins who are smokers. Severity ranges from mild disease to severe, resulting at times in respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Prognosis is favorable with complete recovery.
成人水痘最常见且最严重的并发症是肺炎，可导致严重呼吸衰竭。水痘肺炎与相当高的发病率甚至死亡相关。
从临床、实验室和影像学特征以及危险因素、治疗和结局方面总结我们对水痘肺炎的经验。
我们于1995年至2008年在我们的机构进行了一项回顾性队列研究。
我们的队列包括21例水痘肺炎患者，其中19例（90%）为男性；他们的平均年龄为35±10.5岁。19例（90%）为贝都因人，18例（86%）吸烟。11例（52%）入住医学重症监护病房；其中3例需要机械通气，其余10例（48%）入住普通内科病房。中位住院时间为6±7.7天。入院时低氧血症和乳酸脱氢酶升高与呼吸衰竭相关。影像学表现多样，9例患者有特征性表现。除1例患者外，所有患者均接受阿昔洛韦治疗。所有患者均完全康复。
在以色列南部，水痘肺炎主要是年轻男性贝都因吸烟者的疾病。严重程度从轻度到重度不等，有时会导致需要机械通气的呼吸衰竭。预后良好，可完全康复。
