LeBlanc Caroline P, Fiset Sylvain, Surette Marc E, Turgeon O'Brien Huguette, Rioux France M
Ecole des sciences des aliments, de nutrition et d'études familiales, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9 Canada.
J Nutr. 2009 Sep;139(9):1653-9. doi: 10.3945/jn.109.106013. Epub 2009 Jul 29.
Iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent worldwide nutritional deficiency. Groups at risk of developing ID anemia are infants and pregnant women, even in industrialized countries. Our goal in this study was to evaluate the long-term consequences of maternal ID on the offspring's fatty acid and eicosanoid metabolism, behavior, and spatial memory. Female guinea pigs consumed iron-sufficient (IS) and -deficient (ID) diets for 14 d before mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Dietary iron restriction resulted in ID in pregnant females. On postnatal d 9, all offspring (ID and IS) were weaned to the IS diet and at 42 d, all offspring were iron replete. Locomotion was tested in pups on postnatal d 24 and 40 and spatial memory from d 25 to 40. Pups from the ID group were significantly more active in the open field at both times of testing, whereas spatial memory, tested in a Morris water maze, was comparable in both groups. On postnatal d 42, liver, RBC, and brain fatty acid composition were measured. Dihomogammalinolenic [20:3(n-6)], docosapentaenoic [22:5(n-3)], and docosahexaenoic [22:6(n-3)] acid contents were significantly higher in brain phospholipids of offspring born to ID dams. Prostaglandin E(2) and F(2alpha) concentrations were also significantly higher in brains of offspring born to ID dams. This demonstrates that moderate ID during gestation and lactation results in alterations of brain fatty acid and eicosanoid metabolism and perturbation in behavior in adult offspring.
缺铁（ID）是全球最普遍的营养缺乏症。即使在工业化国家，婴儿和孕妇也有患缺铁性贫血的风险。本研究的目的是评估母体缺铁对后代脂肪酸和类花生酸代谢、行为及空间记忆的长期影响。雌性豚鼠在交配前14天以及整个怀孕和哺乳期食用铁充足（IS）和铁缺乏（ID）的饮食。饮食中铁的限制导致怀孕雌性出现缺铁。出生后第9天，所有后代（ID和IS）断奶并改为食用IS饮食，42天时，所有后代铁含量充足。在出生后第24天和第40天对幼崽的运动能力进行测试，并在第25天至第40天测试空间记忆。ID组的幼崽在两次测试时在旷场中的活动都明显更活跃，而在莫里斯水迷宫中测试的空间记忆在两组中相当。在出生后第42天，测量肝脏、红细胞和大脑的脂肪酸组成。ID组母鼠所产后代大脑磷脂中的二高γ-亚麻酸[20:3(n-6)]、二十二碳五烯酸[22:5(n-3)]和二十二碳六烯酸[22:6(n-3)]含量显著更高。ID组母鼠所产后代大脑中的前列腺素E(2)和F(2α)浓度也显著更高。这表明孕期和哺乳期的中度缺铁会导致成年后代大脑脂肪酸和类花生酸代谢改变以及行为紊乱。
