Département des Sciences des Aliments et de Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1K7P4, Canada.
J Nutr. 2011 Jul;141(7):1390-5. doi: 10.3945/jn.110.135715. Epub 2011 May 25.
Iron deficiency (ID) anemia (IDA) adversely affects different aspects of the nervous system such as myelinogenesis, neurotransmitters synthesis, brain myelin composition, and brain fatty acid and eicosanoid metabolism. Infant neurophysiological outcome in response to maternal IDA is underexplored, especially mild to moderate maternal IDA. Furthermore, most human research has focused on childhood ID rather than prenatal or neonatal ID. Thus, our study evaluated the consequences of mild maternal IDA during pregnancy and lactation on the offsprings' auditory function using the auditory brainstem response (ABR). This technique provides objective measures of auditory acuity, neural transmission times along the peripheral and brainstem portions of the auditory pathway, and postnatal brain maturation. Female guinea pigs (n = 10/group) were fed an iron sufficient diet (ISD) or an iron deficient diet (IDD) (144 and 11.7 mg iron/kg) during their acclimation, gestation, and lactation periods. From postnatal d (PNd) 9 onward, the ISD was given to all weaned offspring. ABR were collected from the offspring on PNd24 using a broad range of stimulus intensities in response to 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 kHz tone pips. IDA siblings (n = 4), [corrected] compared with the IS siblings (n = 5), had significantly elevated ABR thresholds (hearing loss) in response to all tone pips. These physiological disturbances were primarily due to a sensorineural hearing loss, as revealed by the ABR's latency-intensity curves. These results indicate that mild maternal IDA during gestation and lactation altered the hearing and nervous system development of the young offspring.
缺铁（ID）性贫血（IDA）会对神经系统的多个方面产生不利影响，如髓鞘形成、神经递质合成、脑髓鞘组成以及脑脂肪酸和类二十烷酸代谢。针对母体 IDA 对婴儿神经生理学结局的影响，人们的研究还不够充分，尤其是针对轻至中度母体 IDA。此外，大多数人体研究侧重于儿童期 ID，而不是产前或新生儿期 ID。因此，我们的研究使用听觉脑干反应（ABR）评估了母体在妊娠和哺乳期轻度 IDA 对后代听觉功能的影响。该技术提供了听觉敏锐度、外周和脑干听觉通路中神经传递时间以及产后大脑成熟度的客观测量。将 10 只雌性豚鼠（每组 10 只）分别喂食富含铁的饮食（ISD）或缺铁饮食（IDD）（144 和 11.7mg 铁/kg），用于适应期、妊娠期和哺乳期。从产后第 9 天（PNd9）开始，所有断奶的后代都给予 ISD。使用宽范围的刺激强度，在 PNd24 时对 2、4、8、16 和 32 kHz 音调和脉冲响应，从后代中收集 ABR。与 IS 同窝仔（n=5）相比，IDA 同窝仔（n=4）对所有音调和脉冲的 ABR 阈值（听力损失）显著升高。这些生理紊乱主要是由于感觉神经性听力损失，这是由 ABR 的潜伏期-强度曲线揭示的。这些结果表明，妊娠和哺乳期的母体轻度 IDA 改变了年轻后代的听力和神经系统发育。
