Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Medical Center, University of Cologne, D-50935 Cologne, Germany.
Biol Chem. 2009 Oct;390(10):977-83. doi: 10.1515/BC.2009.114.
Detailed knowledge of the immunologic properties of embryonic stem (ES) cells is a prerequisite for safe applications of ES cell-based regenerative medicine. Recently, the long-standing assumption that ES cells are ignored by immunocompetent hosts was disproved. Instead, it is becoming increasingly clear that ES cells actively protect themselves via several immunomodulatory and immunoevasive mechanisms against cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Here we review current knowledge about the immunologic properties of ES cells and discuss the implications for ES cell-based regenerative medicine, for the immunobiology of the embryo as a semi-allogeneic graft, and for the regenerative capacity of adult stem cells.
详细了解胚胎干细胞（ES 细胞）的免疫学特性是安全应用基于 ES 细胞的再生医学的前提。最近，长期以来的假设即 ES 细胞被免疫宿主忽略的观点被推翻。相反，越来越清楚的是，ES 细胞通过几种免疫调节和免疫逃避机制主动保护自己免受细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞和自然杀伤细胞的侵害。本文综述了 ES 细胞免疫学特性的最新知识，并讨论了其对基于 ES 细胞的再生医学、胚胎作为半同种异体移植物的免疫生物学以及成年干细胞的再生能力的影响。
