美国新泽西松林地区水文梯度上植物、土壤和微生物群落之间的关系。
Relationships among plants, soils and microbial communities along a hydrological gradient in the New Jersey Pinelands, USA.
机构信息
Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, SEBS, 14 College Farm Road, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
出版信息
Ann Bot. 2010 Jan;105(1):185-96. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcp183.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Understanding the role of different components of hydrology in structuring wetland communities is not well developed. A sequence of adjacent wetlands located on a catenary sequence of soils and receiving the same sources and qualities of water is used to examine specifically the role of water-table median position and variability in affecting plant and microbial community composition and soil properties.
METHODS
Two replicates of three types of wetland found adjacent to each other along a hydrological gradient in the New Jersey Pinelands (USA) were studied. Plant-community and water-table data were obtained within a 100-m(2) plot in each community (pine swamp, maple swamp and Atlantic-white-cedar swamp). Monthly soil samples from each plot were analysed for soil moisture, organic matter, extractable nitrogen fractions, N mineralization rate and microbial community composition. Multivariate ordination methods were used to compare patterns among sites within and between data sets.
KEY RESULTS
The maple and pine wetlands were more similar to each other in plant community composition, soil properties and microbial community composition than either was to the cedar swamps. However, maple and pine wetlands differed from each other in water-table descriptors as much as they differed from the cedar swamps. All microbial communities were dominated by Gram-positive bacteria despite hydrologic differences among the sites. Water-table variability was as important as water-table level in affecting microbial communities.
CONCLUSIONS
Water tables affect wetland communities through both median level and variability. Differentiation of both plant and microbial communities are not simple transforms of differences in water-table position, even when other hydrologic factors are kept constant. Rather, soil genesis, a result of both water-table position and geologic history, appears to be the main factor affecting plant and microbial community similarities.
背景与目的
人们对水文条件在湿地群落结构形成过程中所起作用的认识还不够充分。本研究利用一系列沿土壤阶地序列分布的相邻湿地，这些湿地接收相同的水源和具有相同水质，旨在专门探讨地下水位中值及其变异性对植物和微生物群落组成及土壤特性的影响。
方法
在美国新泽西松林地区（USA）的水文梯度上，对相邻的三种湿地类型进行了研究。在每个群落（松沼泽、枫沼泽和大西洋白雪松沼泽）的 100m²样地内，获取植物群落和地下水位数据。对每个样地的每月土壤样本进行分析，以测定土壤湿度、有机质、可提取氮素组分、氮矿化速率和微生物群落组成。使用多元排序方法对数据集内和数据集之间的站点模式进行比较。
主要结果
与大西洋白雪松沼泽相比，枫沼泽和松沼泽在植物群落组成、土壤特性和微生物群落组成方面更为相似。然而，枫沼泽和松沼泽之间的地下水位描述符差异与它们与大西洋白雪松沼泽之间的差异一样大。尽管各站点的水文条件存在差异，但所有微生物群落均以革兰氏阳性菌为主导。地下水位变异性与地下水位水平一样，对微生物群落有重要影响。
结论
地下水位通过中位水平和变异性影响湿地群落。即使其他水文因素保持不变，植物和微生物群落的分化也不是地下水位位置差异的简单转化。相反，土壤发生，这是地下水位位置和地质历史的共同结果，似乎是影响植物和微生物群落相似性的主要因素。
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