Kulmatiski Andrew, Beard Karen H, Stevens John R, Cobbold Stephanie M
Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5230, USA.
Ecol Lett. 2008 Sep;11(9):980-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01209.x. Epub 2008 Jun 3.
Plants can change soil biology, chemistry and structure in ways that alter subsequent plant growth. This process, referred to as plant-soil feedback (PSF), has been suggested to provide mechanisms for plant diversity, succession and invasion. Here we use three meta-analytical models: a mixed model and two Bayes models, one correcting for sampling dependence and one correcting for sampling and hierarchical dependence (delta-splitting model) to test these hypotheses. All three models showed that PSFs have medium to large negative effects on plant growth, and especially grass growth, the life form for which we had the most data. This supports the hypothesis that PSFs, through negative frequency dependence, maintain plant diversity, especially in grasslands. PSFs were also large and negative for annuals and natives, but the delta-splitting model indicated that more studies are needed for these results to be conclusive. Our results support the hypotheses that PSFs encourage successional replacements and plant invasions. Most studies were performed using monocultures of grassland species in greenhouse conditions. Future research should examine PSFs in plant communities, non-grassland systems and field conditions.
植物能够以改变后续植物生长的方式来改变土壤生物学、化学性质和结构。这一过程被称为植物-土壤反馈（PSF），有人认为它为植物多样性、演替和入侵提供了机制。在此，我们使用三种元分析模型：一种混合模型和两种贝叶斯模型，一种校正抽样依赖性，另一种校正抽样和层次依赖性（δ分割模型）来检验这些假设。所有三种模型均表明，植物-土壤反馈对植物生长，尤其是对草本植物生长具有中度到较大的负面影响，草本植物是我们拥有数据最多的植物生活型。这支持了以下假设：植物-土壤反馈通过负频率依赖性来维持植物多样性，尤其是在草原上。植物-土壤反馈对一年生植物和本地植物也有较大的负面影响，但δ分割模型表明，需要更多的研究才能使这些结果具有决定性。我们的结果支持以下假设：植物-土壤反馈促进演替替代和植物入侵。大多数研究是在温室条件下使用草原物种的单一栽培进行的。未来的研究应在植物群落、非草原系统和田间条件下研究植物-土壤反馈。
