Onishchenko G G
Gig Sanit. 2009 May-Jun(3):4-7.
Ensuring nuclear and radiation safety in the use of atomic energy is one of the most important constituents of the Russian Federation's security, which is laid down in the "Foundations of Public Policy in the nuclear and radiation safety of the Russian Federation till 2010 and Further Prospects". The radiation safety in an area is determined by not only the number of radiation objects in it, the grade of their potential radiation hazard, their maintenance, the nature of use, but also by the measures ensuring radiation safety and preventing possible radiation accidents, and the readiness for liquidation of their consequences, and the effective supervision of whether the requirements are carried out. To assure constant and effective control over radiation safety, a uniform system for the information provision of radiation safety has been developed and introduced in the Russian Federation since 1998, which includes radiohygienic certification and the uniform state system for monitoring and considering the radiation doses exposed by the residents of Russia. The 2007 radiohygienic certification covered more than 16000 organizations dealing with the sources of ionizing irradiations. A total of 202.7 million medical diagnostic radiological procedures were performed in Russia in 2007. It should be noted that the dose of medical irradiation is reduced. In general, the radiation environment in the Russian Federation is satisfactory, but in a number of its regions there are reasonably serious problems associated with the population's radiation safety.
确保核能利用中的核与辐射安全是俄罗斯联邦安全的最重要组成部分之一，这一点在《至2010年及未来俄罗斯联邦核与辐射安全公共政策基础》中已有规定。一个地区的辐射安全不仅取决于该地区辐射源的数量、其潜在辐射危害等级、维护情况、使用性质，还取决于确保辐射安全和预防可能的辐射事故的措施、应对事故后果的准备情况以及对相关要求执行情况的有效监管。为确保对辐射安全进行持续有效的控制，自1998年起俄罗斯联邦已制定并推行了一套统一的辐射安全信息提供系统，该系统包括放射卫生认证以及统一的国家系统，用于监测和考量俄罗斯居民所受的辐射剂量。2007年的放射卫生认证涵盖了16000多家涉及电离辐射源的机构。2007年俄罗斯共进行了2.027亿次医疗诊断放射程序。应当指出的是，医疗照射剂量有所降低。总体而言，俄罗斯联邦的辐射环境令人满意，但在其一些地区，存在与民众辐射安全相关的相当严重的问题。
