Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville Area, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2009 Aug;9(4):407-16. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2008.0165.
From 1998-2002 twenty-five deer self-treatment devices (4-Posters), using 2% amitraz, were operated at three locations in Maryland to determine their effectiveness in controlling blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis Say, and lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum (L.). Each treatment site was approximately 518 ha and paired with a similar site lacking 4-Posters. Locations varied in deer density, tick abundance, and land use. Flagging for host-seeking ticks showed declines in tick populations at all treatment sites compared to control sites by the third year. By 2002, control of I. scapularis nymphs attributable to the 4-Poster intervention at the three sites was 69.0%, 75.8%, and 80%. Control of A. americanum nymphs at the two sites where they occurred was 99.5% and 95.3%. In 2003, the first posttreatment year, control of I. scapularis remained around 2001-2002 levels, but by 2004, an upward trend in nymphal numbers was detectable. Populations of A. americanum showed no increase posttreatment. These results demonstrate that control of these tick species is locally possible with 4-Poster intervention.
从 1998 年至 2002 年，在马里兰州的三个地点使用 2%双甲脒操作了 25 个鹿自治疗设备（4-Poster），以确定它们控制黑腿蜱、Ixodes scapularis Say 和孤星蜱、 Amblyomma americanum （L.）的有效性。每个治疗点约为 518 公顷，并与类似的、缺乏 4-Poster 的点配对。地点的变化与鹿密度、蜱虫数量和土地使用有关。对宿主寻蜱的标记显示，与对照点相比，所有治疗点的蜱虫数量在第三年都有所下降。到 2002 年，由于 4-Poster 在三个地点的干预，Ix. scapularis 若虫的控制率为 69.0%、75.8%和 80%。在有 A. americanum 发生的两个地点，其若虫的控制率为 99.5%和 95.3%。在 2003 年，即治疗后的第一年，Ix. scapularis 的控制水平仍与 2001-2002 年相当，但到 2004 年，可检测到若虫数量呈上升趋势。A. americanum 的数量在治疗后没有增加。这些结果表明，通过 4-Poster 干预可以局部控制这些蜱种。
