University of Basel, Department of Environmental Sciences, Hebelstrasse 1, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
Environ Pollut. 2010 Jan;158(1):167-74. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.07.023. Epub 2009 Aug 4.
The submersed macrophytes Elodea canadensis, Myriophyllum spicatum and Potamogeton lucens were constantly exposed over a five-week period to environmentally relevant concentrations of atrazine, isoproturon, diuron, and their mixture in outdoor mesocosms. Effects were evaluated investigating photosynthetic efficiency (PE) of the three macrophytes and growth of M. spicatum and E. canadensis. Adverse effects on PE were observed on days 2 and 5 after application. M. spicatum was found to be the more sensitive macrophyte. E. canadensis and P. lucens were less sensitive to atrazine, diuron and the mixture and insensitive to isoproturon. PE of M. spicatum was similarly affected by the single herbicides and the mixture demonstrating concentration addition. Growth of E. canadensis and M. spicatum was not reduced indicating that herbicide exposure did not impair plant development. Although PE measurements turned out to be a sensitive method to monitor PSII herbicides, plant growth remains the more relevant ecological endpoint in risk assessment.
在五个星期的时间里，水生植物加拿大眼子菜、竹叶眼子菜和菹草持续暴露于环境相关浓度的莠去津、异丙隆、西玛津及其混合物中，这些药物都存在于户外中养鱼缸里。通过调查这三种水生植物的光合效率 (PE) 和竹叶眼子菜和加拿大眼子菜的生长情况来评估其影响。在施药后第 2 天和第 5 天观察到对 PE 的不利影响。结果表明，竹叶眼子菜是更为敏感的水生植物。加拿大眼子菜和菹草对莠去津、西玛津和混合物的敏感性较低，对异丙隆不敏感。单一除草剂和混合物对竹叶眼子菜的 PE 具有相似的影响，表现出浓度加和作用。加拿大眼子菜和竹叶眼子菜的生长没有减少，这表明除草剂暴露没有损害植物的发育。虽然 PE 测量结果表明这是一种监测 PSII 除草剂的敏感方法，但在风险评估中，植物生长仍然是更相关的生态终点。
