Horvat N
Opća bolnica Varazdin, Djelatnost za sveobuhvatnu psihijatrijsku zastitu.
Lijec Vjesn. 1999 Sep-Oct;121(9-10):305-8.
Karl Jaspers, psychiatrist and philosopher, with his giant opus created a major influence on spiritual atmosphere of this century. In this essay we will explore implications of his philosophy on psychiatry and psychiatrists, with a special focus on the first of his books--"General psychopathology". One of the very first Jaspers' explorations were prejudices in psychiatry. After he had explained mechanisms of their formation, Jaspers analyzes them one by one, selecting six most typical and most important. Based on Jaspers' insight on six prejudices in psychiatry, author of this essay tries to unearth and analyze six tyrannies which threaten psychiatrists and their patients. Tyranny of experience, tyranny of theory, tyranny of matter, tyranny of reason, tyranny of metaphor and tyranny of diagnosis are more than sufficient elements which could turn psychiatry--characterized by openness and broadness--into petrified and sclerotic dogma. We could easily recognize reductionism in background, in which we recklessly rush into and even more stay in.
精神病学家兼哲学家卡尔·雅斯贝尔斯凭借其巨著对本世纪的精神氛围产生了重大影响。在本文中，我们将探讨他的哲学对精神病学及精神科医生的影响，特别关注他的第一本书——《普通精神病理学》。雅斯贝尔斯最初的探索之一就是精神病学中的偏见。在解释了它们的形成机制后，雅斯贝尔斯逐一分析了这些偏见，挑选出六种最典型、最重要的偏见。基于雅斯贝尔斯对精神病学中六种偏见的见解，本文作者试图挖掘并分析威胁精神科医生及其患者的六种“暴政”。经验的暴政、理论的暴政、物质的暴政、理性的暴政、隐喻的暴政和诊断的暴政，这些足以将以开放性和广泛性为特征的精神病学变成僵化的教条。我们很容易在其背后识别出还原论，而我们正不顾一切地陷入其中甚至深陷其中。
