Carvalho Rui, Buzna Lubos, Bono Flavio, Gutiérrez Eugenio, Just Wolfram, Arrowsmith David
School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2009 Jul;80(1 Pt 2):016106. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.80.016106. Epub 2009 Jul 10.
Here, we uncover the load and fault-tolerant backbones of the trans-European gas pipeline network. Combining topological data with information on intercountry flows, we estimate the global load of the network and its tolerance to failures. To do this, we apply two complementary methods generalized from the betweenness centrality and the maximum flow. We find that the gas pipeline network has grown to satisfy a dual purpose. On one hand, the major pipelines are crossed by a large number of shortest paths thereby increasing the efficiency of the network; on the other hand, a nonoperational pipeline causes only a minimal impact on network capacity, implying that the network is error tolerant. These findings suggest that the trans-European gas pipeline network is robust, i.e., error tolerant to failures of high load links.
在此，我们揭示了泛欧天然气管道网络的负荷及容错骨干结构。我们将拓扑数据与国家间流量信息相结合，估算了该网络的整体负荷及其对故障的容忍度。为此，我们应用了从介数中心性和最大流推广而来的两种互补方法。我们发现，天然气管道网络的发展满足了双重目的。一方面，主要管道被大量最短路径穿过，从而提高了网络效率；另一方面，一条停运的管道对网络容量仅造成极小影响，这意味着该网络具有容错能力。这些发现表明，泛欧天然气管道网络是稳健的，即对高负荷链路的故障具有容错能力。
