Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Pediatrics. 2009 Sep;124(3):e371-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-0213. Epub 2009 Aug 3.
Evidence on the association of vitamin D with cardiovascular risk factors in youth is very limited. We examined whether low serum vitamin D levels (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]) are associated with cardiovascular risk factors in US adolescents aged 12 to 19 years.
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 3577 fasting, nonpregnant adolescents without diagnosed diabetes who participated in the 2001-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Cardiovascular risk factors were measured using standard methods and defined according to age-modified Adult Treatment Panel III definitions.
Mean 25(OH)D was 24.8 ng/mL; it was lowest in black (15.5 ng/mL), intermediate in Mexican American (21.5 ng/mL), and highest in white (28.0 ng/mL) adolescents (P < .001 for each pairwise comparison). Low 25(OH)D levels were strongly associated with overweight status and abdominal obesity (P for trend < .001 for both). After adjustment for age, gender, race/ethnicity, BMI, socioeconomic status, and physical activity, 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with systolic blood pressure (P = .02) and plasma glucose concentrations (P = .01). The adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for those in the lowest (<15 ng/mL) compared with the highest quartile (>26 ng/mL) of 25(OH)D for hypertension was 2.36 (1.33-4.19); for fasting hyperglycemia it was 2.54 (1.01-6.40); for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol it was 1.54 (0.99-2.39); for hypertriglyceridemia it was 1.00 (0.49-2.04); and for metabolic syndrome it was 3.88 (1.57-9.58).
Low serum vitamin D in US adolescents is strongly associated with hypertension, hyperglycemia, and metabolic syndrome, independent of adiposity.
有关维生素 D 与青少年心血管危险因素之间关联的证据非常有限。我们研究了血清中维生素 D 水平（25-羟维生素 D [25(OH)D]）较低是否与美国 12 至 19 岁青少年的心血管危险因素相关。
我们对 3577 名未被诊断患有糖尿病且空腹、非妊娠的青少年进行了一项横断面分析，这些青少年参加了 2001-2004 年全国健康和营养调查。采用标准方法测量心血管危险因素，并根据年龄修正的成人治疗组 III 定义进行定义。
平均 25(OH)D 水平为 24.8ng/mL；黑人青少年的水平最低（15.5ng/mL），墨西哥裔美国青少年的水平居中（21.5ng/mL），白种青少年的水平最高（28.0ng/mL）（每个两两比较的 P<.001）。低 25(OH)D 水平与超重状态和腹部肥胖密切相关（趋势 P<.001）。在校正年龄、性别、种族/民族、BMI、社会经济地位和体力活动后，25(OH)D 水平与收缩压（P=.02）和血浆葡萄糖浓度（P=.01）呈负相关。与 25(OH)D 水平最高（>26ng/mL）的四分位数相比，水平最低（<15ng/mL）的青少年中，高血压的调整比值比（95%置信区间）为 2.36（1.33-4.19）；空腹高血糖为 2.54（1.01-6.40）；低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为 1.54（0.99-2.39）；高甘油三酯血症为 1.00（0.49-2.04）；代谢综合征为 3.88（1.57-9.58）。
美国青少年血清中维生素 D 水平较低与高血压、高血糖和代谢综合征密切相关，与肥胖无关。
