Pinheiro Paulo S, Sherman Recinda L, Trapido Edward J, Fleming Lora E, Huang Youjie, Gomez-Marin Orlando, Lee David
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009 Aug;18(8):2162-9. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0329.
The diversity among Hispanics/Latinos, defined by geographic origin (e.g., Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba), has been neglected when assessing cancer morbidity. For the first time in the United States, we estimated cancer rates for Cubans, Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and other Latinos, and analyzed changes in cancer risk between Hispanics in their countries of origin, U.S. Hispanics in Florida, and non-Hispanic Whites in Florida.
Florida cancer registry (1999-2001) and the 2000 U.S. Census population data were used. The Hispanic Origin Identification Algorithm was applied to establish Hispanic ethnicity and subpopulation.
The cancer rate of 537/100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval, 522.5-552.5) for Hispanic males in Florida was lower than Whites (601; 595.4-606.9). Among women, these rates were 376 (365.6-387.1) and 460 (455.6-465.4), respectively. Among Florida Hispanics, Puerto Ricans had the highest rates, followed by Cubans. Mexicans had the lowest rates. Rates for Hispanics in Florida were at least 40% higher than Hispanics in their countries of origin, as reported by the IARC.
Substantial variability in cancer rates occurs among Hispanic subpopulations. Cubans, unlike other Hispanics, were comparable with Whites, especially for low rates of cervical and stomach cancers. Despite being overwhelmingly first generation in the U.S. mainland, Puerto Ricans and Cubans in Florida showed rates of colorectal, endometrial, and prostate cancers similar to Whites in Florida. Because rates are markedly lower in their countries of origin, the increased risk for cancer among Cubans, Mexicans, and Puerto Ricans who move to the United States should be further studied.
在评估癌症发病率时，西班牙裔/拉丁裔群体因地理起源（如墨西哥、波多黎各、古巴）不同而存在的差异一直被忽视。在美国，我们首次估算了古巴人、墨西哥人、波多黎各人及其他拉丁裔的癌症发病率，并分析了其原籍国的西班牙裔、佛罗里达州的美国西班牙裔以及佛罗里达州非西班牙裔白人之间癌症风险的变化。
使用了佛罗里达州癌症登记处（1999 - 2001年）和2000年美国人口普查人口数据。应用西班牙裔血统识别算法来确定西班牙裔种族及其亚群体。
佛罗里达州西班牙裔男性的癌症发病率为537/10万/人年（95%置信区间，522.5 - 552.5），低于白人（601；595.4 - 606.9）。女性的发病率分别为376（365.6 - 387.1）和460（455.6 - 465.4）。在佛罗里达州的西班牙裔中，波多黎各人的发病率最高，其次是古巴人。墨西哥人的发病率最低。国际癌症研究机构报告称，佛罗里达州西班牙裔的发病率比其原籍国的西班牙裔至少高40%。
西班牙裔亚群体的癌症发病率存在很大差异。与其他西班牙裔不同，古巴人与白人相当，尤其是宫颈癌和胃癌发病率较低。尽管在佛罗里达州的波多黎各人和古巴人绝大多数是第一代移民到美国大陆，但他们的结直肠癌、子宫内膜癌和前列腺癌发病率与佛罗里达州的白人相似。由于他们在原籍国的发病率明显较低，因此应进一步研究移居美国的古巴人、墨西哥人和波多黎各人患癌风险增加的情况。
