Plumhoff Jordan E, Schirillo James A
Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA.
Perception. 2009;38(5):719-31. doi: 10.1068/p6160.
Observers prefer Mondrian's paintings in their original orientation compared to when rotated--"the oblique effect" (Latto et al, 2000 Perception 29 981-987). We tested whether eye movements could provide any insight into this aesthetic bias. While recording fixation duration and saccade length, we presented eight Mondrian paintings dated 1921-1944 on a CRT in either their original or seven rotated positions to ten observers who used a Likert scale to report how (dis)pleasing they found each image. We report on eye-movement patterns from nine pairs of images that had a significant orientation effect. During the 20 s scans, fixation durations increased linearly, more so for pleasing images than for non-pleasing images. Moreover, saccade distances oscillated over the viewing interval, with larger saccade-distance oscillations for the pleasing images than the non-pleasing images. Both of these findings agree with earlier work by Nodine et al (1993 Leonardo 26 219-227), and confirm that as an abstract painting becomes more aesthetically pleasing, it shows both a greater amount of diversive/specific types of image exploration and balance. Thus, any increase in visual fluency in localizing vertical and horizontal versus oblique lines can lead to an increase in the aesthetic pleasure of viewing Mondrian's work.
与旋转后的情况相比，观察者更喜欢蒙德里安画作的原始方向，即所谓的“倾斜效应”（拉托等人，《感知》，2000年，第29卷，第981 - 987页）。我们测试了眼动是否能为这种审美偏好提供任何线索。在记录注视持续时间和扫视长度的同时，我们在阴极射线管显示器上向10名观察者展示了8幅创作于1921年至1944年的蒙德里安画作，这些画作呈现原始方向或七个旋转方向，观察者使用李克特量表报告他们对每幅图像的（不）喜欢程度。我们报告了九对具有显著方向效应的图像的眼动模式。在20秒的扫描过程中，注视持续时间呈线性增加，令人愉悦的图像比不令人愉悦的图像增加得更多。此外，扫视距离在观看间隔内振荡，令人愉悦的图像的扫视距离振荡比不令人愉悦的图像更大。这两个发现都与诺丁等人（1993年，《莱昂纳多》，第26卷，第219 - 227页）早期的研究一致，并证实随着抽象画在审美上变得更令人愉悦，它展示出更多样化/特定类型的图像探索和平衡。因此，在定位垂直线和水平线与斜线时视觉流畅性的任何增加都可能导致观看蒙德里安作品时审美愉悦感的增加。
