Lee Hye Shin, Han Jiyeon, Bai Hyun-Jeong, Kim Kyu-Won
Neurovascular Coordination Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Korea.
FEBS J. 2009 Sep;276(17):4622-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07174.x. Epub 2009 Jul 31.
The vascular network of the brain is formed by the invasion of vascular sprouts from the pia mater toward the ventricles. Following angiogenesis of the primary vascular network, brain vessels experience a maturation process known as barriergenesis, in which the blood-brain barrier is formed. In this minireview, we discuss the processes of brain angiogenesis and barriergenesis, as well as the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying brain vessel formation. At the molecular level, angiogenesis and barriergenesis occur via the coordinated action of oxygen-responsive molecules (e.g. hypoxia-inducible factor and Src-suppressed C kinase substrate/AKAP12) and soluble factors (e.g. vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-1), as well as axon guidance molecules and neurotrophic factors. At the cellular level, we focus on neurovascular cells, such as pericytes, astrocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, neurons and brain macrophages. Each cell type plays a unique role, and works with other types to maintain environmental homeostasis and to respond to certain stimuli. Taken together, this minireview emphasizes the importance of the coordinated action of molecules and cells at the neurovascular interface, with regards to the regulation of angiogenesis and barriergenesis.
大脑的血管网络是由软脑膜的血管芽向脑室侵入而形成的。在初级血管网络发生血管生成后，脑血管经历一个称为屏障形成的成熟过程，在此过程中形成血脑屏障。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了脑血管生成和屏障形成的过程，以及脑血管形成的分子和细胞机制。在分子水平上，血管生成和屏障形成是通过氧反应分子（如缺氧诱导因子和Src抑制的C激酶底物/AKAP12）和可溶性因子（如血管内皮生长因子和血管生成素-1）以及轴突导向分子和神经营养因子的协同作用而发生的。在细胞水平上，我们关注神经血管细胞，如周细胞、星形胶质细胞、血管平滑肌细胞、神经元和脑巨噬细胞。每种细胞类型都发挥着独特的作用，并与其他类型的细胞协同工作，以维持环境稳态并对特定刺激做出反应。综上所述，这篇综述强调了神经血管界面处分子和细胞协同作用在调节血管生成和屏障形成方面的重要性。
