Vallés Jordi, Ferrer Ricard
Critical Care Center, Hospital Sabadell, Institut Universitari Parc Taulí. UAB, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Parc Taulí s/n, Sabadell 08208, Spain.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2009 Sep;23(3):557-69. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2009.04.005.
Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) occur in 5%-10% of patients admitted to hospitals in the United States, and HAIs remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Patients admitted to ICUs account for 45% of all hospital-acquired pneumonias and bloodstream infections (BSIs), although critical care units comprise only 5% to 10% of all hospital beds. The severity of underlying disease, invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that breach normal host defenses, contaminated life-support equipment, and the prevalence of resistant microorganisms are critical factors in the high rate of infection in the ICUs. This article discusses the clinical importance of BSI, including hospital- and community-acquired episodes in the ICU.
在美国，5%至10%的住院患者会发生医院获得性感染（HAI），而HAI仍然是发病和死亡的主要原因。入住重症监护病房（ICU）的患者占所有医院获得性肺炎和血流感染（BSI）的45%，尽管重症监护病房仅占医院病床总数的5%至10%。基础疾病的严重程度、破坏正常宿主防御的侵入性诊断和治疗程序、被污染的生命支持设备以及耐药微生物的流行是ICU感染率高的关键因素。本文讨论了BSI的临床重要性，包括ICU中发生的医院获得性和社区获得性感染情况。
