Kampschreur Marlies J, Temmink Hardy, Kleerebezem Robbert, Jetten Mike S M, van Loosdrecht Mark C M
Delft University of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC, Delft, Netherlands.
Water Res. 2009 Sep;43(17):4093-103. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.03.001. Epub 2009 Mar 11.
Nitrous oxide (N(2)O), a potent greenhouse gas, can be emitted during wastewater treatment, significantly contributing to the greenhouse gas footprint. Measurements at lab-scale and full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have demonstrated that N(2)O can be emitted in substantial amounts during nitrogen removal in WWTPs, however, a large variation in reported emission values exists. Analysis of literature data enabled the identification of the most important operational parameters leading to N(2)O emission in WWTPs: (i) low dissolved oxygen concentration in the nitrification and denitrification stages, (ii) increased nitrite concentrations in both nitrification and denitrification stages, and (iii) low COD/N ratio in the denitrification stage. From the literature it remains unclear whether nitrifying or denitrifying microorganisms are the main source of N(2)O emissions. Operational strategies to prevent N(2)O emission from WWTPs are discussed and areas in which further research is urgently required are identified.
一氧化二氮（N₂O）是一种强效温室气体，在废水处理过程中会排放，对温室气体排放足迹有显著影响。在实验室规模和全尺寸污水处理厂（WWTPs）进行的测量表明，污水处理厂在脱氮过程中会大量排放N₂O，然而，报告的排放值存在很大差异。对文献数据的分析有助于确定导致污水处理厂N₂O排放的最重要运行参数：（i）硝化和反硝化阶段溶解氧浓度低，（ii）硝化和反硝化阶段亚硝酸盐浓度增加，以及（iii）反硝化阶段化学需氧量/氮（COD/N）比值低。从文献中尚不清楚硝化或反硝化微生物是否是N₂O排放的主要来源。讨论了防止污水处理厂排放N₂O的运行策略，并确定了迫切需要进一步研究的领域。
