2001年至2004年中国细菌性角膜炎的分布及对抗生素的新出现耐药情况

Distribution of bacterial keratitis and emerging resistance to antibiotics in China from 2001 to 2004.

作者信息

Zhang Chen, Liang Yanchuang, Deng Shijing, Wang Zhiqun, Li Ran, Sun Xuguang

机构信息

Department of Ocular Microbiology, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing.

出版信息

Clin Ophthalmol. 2008 Sep;2(3):575-9. doi: 10.2147/opth.s1774.

DOI:10.2147/opth.s1774

PMID:19668756

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2694018/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To study on the distribution of bacterial keratitis isolates and the resistance to antibiotics in China from 2001 to 2004.

METHODS

1985 specimens from the bacterial keratitis at the Beijing Tong Ren Eye Center were cultured and identified. In vitro susceptibility testing of positive isolates to antibiotics was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.

RESULTS

Out of 1985 specimens, 279 were culture positive. The percentage of positive culture was 14.06%. Gram-positive cocci and gram-negative bacilli represented 42.65% (119/270) and 35.13% (98/279) respectively. Pseudomonas sp. was the most common organism (20.07%), followed by Corynebacterium sp.(16.85%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (13.98%). Resistance to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and tobramycin was 20.2%, 35.9%, 15.5%, and 29.4% respectively. Gram-negative bacilli showed higher resistance to ciprofloxacin. Staphycoccus sp. revealed significant resistance to ciprofloxacin. Streptococcus sp. showed high resistance to tobramycin. The resistance of isolates from older patients (>/=60Y) to ciproloxacin, levofloxacin, and tobramycin was higher than that from adult patients (>14 to 59Y).

CONCLUSION

Staphylococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Corynebacterium sp. were the most common bacterial keratitis isolates in China. Attentions should be paid to the increase of the resistance to levofloxacin.

摘要

目的

研究2001年至2004年中国细菌性角膜炎分离株的分布及对抗生素的耐药性。

方法

对北京同仁眼科中心1985份细菌性角膜炎标本进行培养和鉴定。采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法对阳性分离株进行体外药敏试验，并根据临床和实验室标准协会的标准进行解读。

结果

1985份标本中，279份培养阳性，阳性培养率为14.06%。革兰阳性球菌和革兰阴性杆菌分别占42.65%（119/279）和35.13%（98/279）。铜绿假单胞菌是最常见的菌株（20.07%），其次是棒状杆菌属（16.85%）和表皮葡萄球菌（13.98%）。对氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星和妥布霉素的耐药率分别为20.2%、35.9%、15.5%和29.4%。革兰阴性杆菌对环丙沙星的耐药性较高。葡萄球菌属对环丙沙星显示出显著耐药性。链球菌属对妥布霉素耐药性较高。老年患者（≥60岁）分离株对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星和妥布霉素的耐药性高于成年患者（14至59岁）。