Sun Xu-guang, Wang Zhi-quen, Li Ran, Chen Lin, Jin Xiu-ying, Luo Shi-yun
Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tong Ren Ophthalmic Center, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2003 Mar;39(3):163-6.
To assess the in vitro resistance of ocular bacterial isolates to fluoroquinolone that are commonly used in the treatment of ocular infection.
Ocular bacterial isolates (n = 347) from Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology were tested for their resistance to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. In vitro susceptibility testing was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.
The total number of ocular bacterial isolates was 347 from January, 1999 to December, 2000 including gram-positive cocci 192 (55.3%), gram-negative cocci 16 (4.6%), gram-positive bacilli 44 (12.7%), gram-negative bacilli 89 (25.7%), Nocardia 6 (1.7%). The percentage of resistance in total ocular bacterial isolates to ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin was 28.5%, 25.9% and 34.9% respectively. The resistance of streptococcus species to ofloxacin (5.9%) and ciproloxacin (11.8%) was significantly lower than gentamycin (52.9%) and tobramycin (70.6%) (P < 0.01), and to norfloxacin (23.5%) was significantly lower than tobramycin (P < 0.01). Pseudomonas showed significantly lower resistance to ciprofloxacin (6%) ofloxacin (14.0%) and norfloxacin (14.0%) than gentamycin (42.0%) (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). The percentage of resistance in staphylococcus species to norfloxacin (46.8%) was higher than gentamycin (30.8%) and tobramycin (27.6%) (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 separately). The resistance of gram-positive bacilli to ofloxacin, ciproloxacin and norfloxacin. was equivalent (P > 0.05).
The fluoroquinolones, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin have higher overall in vitro efficacy on most of the ocular bacteria than gentamycin and tobramycin, but ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin are equivalent to gentamycin and tobramycin in efficacy against staphylococcus species.
评估眼部细菌分离株对治疗眼部感染常用氟喹诺酮类药物的体外耐药性。
对北京眼科研究所的眼部细菌分离株（n = 347）进行氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和诺氟沙星耐药性检测。体外药敏试验采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法。
1999 年 1 月至 2000 年 12 月共收集眼部细菌分离株 347 株，其中革兰阳性球菌 192 株（55.3%），革兰阴性球菌 16 株（4.6%），革兰阳性杆菌 44 株（12.7%），革兰阴性杆菌 89 株（25.7%），诺卡菌 6 株（1.7%）。眼部细菌分离株对氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和诺氟沙星的耐药率分别为 28.5%、25.9%和 34.9%。链球菌属对氧氟沙星（5.9%）和环丙沙星（11.8%）的耐药率显著低于庆大霉素（52.9%）和妥布霉素（70.6%）（P < 0.01），对诺氟沙星（23.5%）的耐药率显著低于妥布霉素（P < 0.01）。铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星（6%）、氧氟沙星（14.0%）和诺氟沙星（14.0%）的耐药率显著低于庆大霉素（42.0%）（P < 0.01 和 P < 0.05）。葡萄球菌属对诺氟沙星（46.8%）的耐药率高于庆大霉素（30.8%）和妥布霉素（27.6%）（分别为 P < 0.05 和 P < 0.01）。革兰阳性杆菌对氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和诺氟沙星的耐药率相当（P > 0.05）。
氟喹诺酮类药物氧氟沙星和环丙沙星对大多数眼部细菌的总体体外抗菌效果高于庆大霉素和妥布霉素，但氧氟沙星和环丙沙星对葡萄球菌属的抗菌效果与庆大霉素和妥布霉素相当。
