Gatkowska Justyna
Zakład Immunoparazytologii, Katedra Immunologii i Biologii Infekcyjnej, Uniwersytet Łódzki, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź.
Wiad Parazytol. 2009;55(2):109-14.
Interleukin-1 is one of the most potent proinflammatory cytokines involved in many physiologically important processes both beneficial and pathological. It appears in two different forms: IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta synthesized mainly by macrophages and monocytes. IL-1 alpha remains inside the cells and is released during acute inflammatory diseases accompanied by cell lysis. IL-1 beta becomes biologically active after specific cleavage and is secreted to fulfill its multitude functions. This cytokine is involved in multiple gene up-regulation, higher expression of many cytokine receptors or induction of nitric oxide synthesis. Interleukin-1 is responsible for symptoms like fever or appetite loss during inflammatory diseases. It is capable of lymphocytes, macrophages or NK cells activation. This cytokine has a chemoattractant activity toward neutrophiles and monocytes and takes part in Th2 response development. Apart from other functions and activities, IL-1 is associated with many invasive illnesses such as parasitic infections. This cytokine influences the outcome of numerous parasitoses since it can limit parasite spread and survival within infected host by cooperation with other components of the immunological system and by the induction of anti-parasitic compounds. However, the proinflammatory activity of IL-1 may prove harmful in certain cases and may be responsible for parasite infection development.
白细胞介素-1是最有效的促炎细胞因子之一，参与许多生理上重要的有益和病理过程。它以两种不同形式出现：主要由巨噬细胞和单核细胞合成的IL-1α和IL-1β。IL-1α保留在细胞内，在伴有细胞裂解的急性炎症疾病期间释放。IL-1β在特定切割后具有生物活性，并被分泌以履行其多种功能。这种细胞因子参与多种基因上调、许多细胞因子受体的更高表达或一氧化氮合成的诱导。白细胞介素-1是炎症疾病期间发热或食欲不振等症状的原因。它能够激活淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞或NK细胞。这种细胞因子对嗜中性粒细胞和单核细胞具有趋化活性，并参与Th2反应的发展。除了其他功能和活性外，IL-1还与许多侵袭性疾病如寄生虫感染有关。这种细胞因子影响许多寄生虫病的结果，因为它可以通过与免疫系统的其他成分合作并通过诱导抗寄生虫化合物来限制寄生虫在受感染宿主内的传播和存活。然而，IL-1的促炎活性在某些情况下可能是有害的，并且可能是寄生虫感染发展的原因。
