Ross Danielle S, Rasmussen Sonja A, Cannon Michael J, Anderson Britta, Kilker Katie, Tumpey Abbigail, Schulkin Jay, Jones Jeffrey L
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2009 Aug;18(8):1187-93. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2008.1288.
Maternal infection during pregnancy is a well-recognized cause of birth defects and developmental disabilities, as well as an important contributor to other adverse pregnancy outcomes. The objective of the present survey was to gain information about the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of obstetrician/gynecologists regarding prevention of infections during pregnancy.
A survey was mailed to 606 Collaborative Ambulatory Research Network (CARN) members of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) (approximately 2% of membership). CARN members were sampled to demographically represent ACOG.
Of the 606 eligible respondents, surveys were received from 305 (response rate: 50%). Most obstetrician/gynecologists knew that specific actions by pregnant women could reduce the risk of infection. Seventy-nine to eighty-eight percent reported counseling pregnant women about preventing infection from Toxoplasma gondii, hepatitis B virus, and influenza, 50%-68% about varicella-zoster virus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Parvovirus B19, and <50% about cytomegalovirus, Bordetella pertussis, and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. The majority reported time constraints were a barrier to counseling, although most reported educational materials would be helpful.
Knowledge was accurate and preventive counseling was appropriate for some infections, but for others it could be improved. Further studies are needed to identify strategies to increase preventive counseling.
孕期母亲感染是公认的出生缺陷和发育障碍的原因，也是其他不良妊娠结局的重要促成因素。本次调查的目的是获取关于妇产科医生在预防孕期感染方面的知识、态度和做法的信息。
向美国妇产科医师学会（ACOG）的606名协作门诊研究网络（CARN）成员邮寄了一份调查问卷（约占会员总数的2%）。对CARN成员进行抽样，使其在人口统计学上代表ACOG。
在606名符合条件的受访者中，有305人回复了调查问卷（回复率：50%）。大多数妇产科医生知道孕妇采取特定行动可以降低感染风险。79%至88%的人报告说曾就预防弓形虫、乙型肝炎病毒和流感感染向孕妇提供咨询，50%至68%的人报告曾就预防水痘带状疱疹病毒、单核细胞增生李斯特菌和细小病毒B19感染提供咨询，而就预防巨细胞病毒、百日咳博德特氏菌和淋巴细胞性脉络丛脑膜炎病毒感染提供咨询的比例不到50%。大多数人报告时间限制是提供咨询的障碍，不过大多数人也表示教育材料会有所帮助。
对于某些感染，知识是准确的且预防性咨询是恰当的，但对于其他感染，这方面还有改进空间。需要进一步研究以确定增加预防性咨询的策略。
