Kyriazis Thomas A, Terzis Gerasimos, Boudolos Konstantinos, Georgiadis Georgios
Track and Field Division, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Sep;23(6):1773-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b3f91e.
The aim of this study was to investigate changes in shot put performance, muscular power, and neuromuscular activation of the lower extremities, between the preseason and the competition period, in skilled shot put athletes using the rotational technique. Shot put performance was assessed at the start of the pre-season period as well as after 12 weeks, at the competition period, in nine shot putters. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of the right vastus lateralis muscle was recorded during all shot put trials. Maximum squat strength (1RM) and mechanical parameters during the countermovement jump (CMJ) on a force platform were also determined at pre-season and at competition period. Shot put performance increased 4.7% (p < 0.05), while 1RM squat increased 6.5% (p < 0.025). EMG activity during the delivery phase was increased significantly (p < 0.025) after the training period. Shot put performance was significantly related with muscular power and takeoff velocity during the CMJ, at competition period (r = 0.66, p < 0.05 and 0.70, p < 0.05), but not with maximum vertical force. One RM squat was not related significantly with shot put performance. These results suggest that muscular power of the lower extremities is a better predictor of rotational shot put performance than absolute muscular strength in skilled athletes, at least during the competition period.
本研究的目的是调查采用旋转技术的熟练铅球运动员在季前赛和比赛期间，铅球成绩、肌肉力量以及下肢神经肌肉激活情况的变化。在季前赛开始时以及12周后比赛期间，对9名铅球运动员的铅球成绩进行了评估。在所有铅球投掷试验中记录右侧股外侧肌的肌电图（EMG）活动。在季前赛和比赛期间还测定了在测力平台上进行反向纵跳（CMJ）时的最大深蹲力量（1RM）和力学参数。铅球成绩提高了4.7%（p < 0.05），而1RM深蹲力量提高了6.5%（p < 0.025）。训练期后，发力阶段的EMG活动显著增加（p < 0.025）。在比赛期间，铅球成绩与CMJ期间的肌肉力量和起跳速度显著相关（r = 0.66，p < 0.05和0.70，p < 0.05），但与最大垂直力无关。1RM深蹲与铅球成绩无显著相关性。这些结果表明，至少在比赛期间，对于熟练的运动员来说，下肢肌肉力量比绝对肌肉力量更能预测旋转式铅球成绩。
