Mohan Andrea R M, Cumberbatch Anton, Adesiyun Abiodun A, Chadee Dave D
Department of Life Sciences, The University of The West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
Acta Trop. 2009 Dec;112(3):260-5. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.08.007. Epub 2009 Aug 11.
A retrospective study to describe the epidemiology of human leptospirosis in Trinidad and Tobago during 1996-2007 was conducted. All confirmed cases of leptospirosis was analyzed according to age, sex, seasonality and geographic distribution. A total of 278 cases were recorded, with an average annual incidence rate of 1.84 per 100,000 population. Seventy-five percent of the cases occurred during the wet season, with the highest number of cases recorded in November. A positive correlation was found between number of cases and rainfall. Males constituted 80% of all cases, and the overall male:female ratio was 4.6:1. The total case fatality rate was 5.8%, with deaths among males four times more common than in females. Clinical leptospirosis was greatest in the 10-19 age group and lowest in the 0-9 age group. The total prevalence was 22 per 100,000 population, with the highest prevalence 41 per 100,000 recorded in the regional corporation of Sangre Grande and the lowest (6 per 100,000) in the city of Port of Spain. The lack of important information and active surveillance showed that the level of awareness of the disease is low in the country. The disease is still under-reported, and is considered to be of significant public health importance.
开展了一项回顾性研究，以描述1996年至2007年期间特立尼达和多巴哥人类钩端螺旋体病的流行病学情况。根据年龄、性别、季节性和地理分布对所有确诊的钩端螺旋体病病例进行了分析。共记录了278例病例，平均年发病率为每10万人1.84例。75%的病例发生在雨季，11月记录的病例数最多。病例数与降雨量之间存在正相关。男性占所有病例的80%，总体男女比例为4.6:1。总病死率为5.8%，男性死亡人数是女性的四倍。临床钩端螺旋体病在10 - 19岁年龄组中最为常见，在0 - 9岁年龄组中最低。总患病率为每10万人22例，在桑格雷格兰德地区市政当局记录的最高患病率为每10万人41例，在西班牙港城市最低（每10万人6例）。重要信息的缺乏和主动监测表明该国对该疾病的认识水平较低。该疾病仍然报告不足，被认为具有重大的公共卫生重要性。
