Orenga Sylvain, James Arthur L, Manafi Mohammed, Perry John D, Pincus David H
Research & Development Microbiology, bioMérieux, 3 route de Port Michaud, La Balme-les-Grottes, France.
J Microbiol Methods. 2009 Nov;79(2):139-55. doi: 10.1016/j.mimet.2009.08.001. Epub 2009 Aug 11.
Enzymatic substrates are powerful tools in biochemistry. They are widely used in microbiology to study metabolic pathways, to monitor metabolism and to detect, enumerate and identify microorganisms. Synthetic enzymatic substrates have been customized for various microbial assays, to detect an expanding range of both new enzymatic activities and target microorganisms. Recent developments in synthetic enzymatic substrates with new spectral, chemical and biochemical properties allow improved detection, enumeration and identification of food-borne microorganisms, clinical pathogens and multi-resistant bacteria in various sample types. In the past 20 years, the range of synthetic enzymatic substrates used in microbiology has been markedly extended supporting the development of new multi-test systems (e.g., Microscan, Vitek 2, Phoenix) and chromogenic culture media. The use of such substrates enables an improvement in time to detection and specificity over conventional tests that employ natural substrates. In the era of intense developments in molecular biology, phenotypic tests involving enzymatic substrates remain useful to analyse both simple and complex samples. Such tests are applicable to diagnostic and research laboratories all over the world.
酶底物是生物化学中的强大工具。它们在微生物学中被广泛用于研究代谢途径、监测代谢以及检测、计数和鉴定微生物。合成酶底物已针对各种微生物检测进行了定制，以检测越来越多的新酶活性和目标微生物。具有新光谱、化学和生化特性的合成酶底物的最新进展，使得在各种样品类型中对食源微生物、临床病原体和多重耐药细菌的检测、计数和鉴定得到了改进。在过去20年中，微生物学中使用的合成酶底物范围显著扩大，支持了新的多检测系统（如Microscan、Vitek 2、Phoenix）和显色培养基的开发。与使用天然底物的传统检测相比，使用此类底物能够缩短检测时间并提高特异性。在分子生物学蓬勃发展的时代，涉及酶底物的表型检测对于分析简单和复杂样品仍然很有用。此类检测适用于世界各地的诊断和研究实验室。
