Cao Y Z, Friedman-Kien A E, Mirabile M, Li X L, Alam M, Dieterich D, Ho D D
Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, NY 10016.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988). 1990;3(3):195-9.
HIV-1 neutralizing activity was demonstrated in serum and 200-fold concentrated urine from individuals who were HIV-1 antibody positive in both their serum and urine, including AIDS-KS, AIDS-OI, ARC, and asymptomatic patients. Virus neutralization activity was detected in 23 of 56 (41.1%) of the serum samples and in 19 of 56 (33.9%) of the urine samples tested, with titers ranging from 1:8 to 1:256 and 1:1 to 1:4, respectively. The highest frequency of HIV-1 neutralizing activity (87.5%) and the highest mean neutralization titers (1:65) were found in the ARC patients. A high prevalence of p24 antigen in serum and low numbers of T4-lymphocytes correlated with a low frequency of neutralizing activity in either serum or urine in the infected individuals. HIV-1 neutralizing activity in the urine was shown to be due to immunoglobulins using a Sephadex G-100 filtration gel. All 19 urine samples with neutralizing activity contained antibodies reactive with envelope glycoproteins gp160, gp120, and gp41 by Western blot, similar to that seen with serum. The frequency of HIV-1 neutralizing activity in the urine concentrates was generally associated with high titers of neutralizing antibody in the corresponding serum. These findings suggest that HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies are lost in the urine by an as yet unknown mechanism.
在血清和尿液中均呈HIV-1抗体阳性的个体（包括患艾滋病相关卡波西肉瘤、艾滋病相关机会性感染、艾滋病相关综合征及无症状患者）的血清和浓缩200倍的尿液中，均检测到了HIV-1中和活性。在检测的56份血清样本中有23份（41.1%）以及56份尿液样本中有19份（33.9%）检测到病毒中和活性，其效价分别为1:8至1:256和1:1至1:4。艾滋病相关综合征患者中HIV-1中和活性的频率最高（87.5%），平均中和效价也最高（1:65）。血清中p24抗原的高流行率以及T4淋巴细胞数量少与受感染个体血清或尿液中中和活性的低频率相关。使用葡聚糖G-100过滤凝胶显示，尿液中的HIV-1中和活性是由免疫球蛋白引起的。通过蛋白质印迹法，所有19份具有中和活性的尿液样本均含有与包膜糖蛋白gp160、gp120和gp41反应的抗体，这与血清中的情况类似。尿液浓缩物中HIV-1中和活性的频率通常与相应血清中高滴度的中和抗体相关。这些发现表明，HIV-1中和抗体通过一种尚不清楚的机制在尿液中丢失。
