Luo Yan-Rui, Wang San-Hu, Yun Mi-Xia, Li Xiao-Yu, Wang Jian-Ji, Sun Zhen-Jun
College of Physical Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
Chemosphere. 2009 Oct;77(3):313-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.07.026. Epub 2009 Aug 13.
The earthworm Eisenia foetida was exposed to different concentrations of imidazolium ionic liquids with varying chain lengths according to the method of OECD [OECD, 1984. (The Current Organization of Economic and Cooperative Development Acute Earthworm Toxicity Test) Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, No. 207. Earthworm Acute Toxicity Tests]. The acute and subchronic toxic effects of [C(8)mim]Br on the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cellulase in earthworms were determined under an artificial soil condition. Using filter paper contact tests, the 48 h-LC(50) values of [C(4)mim]Br, [C(6)mim]Br, [C(8)mim]Br, [C(10)mim]Br and [C(12)mim]Br on the earthworm were 73.33, 28.25, 2.69, 0.37 and 0.02 microg cm(-2), respectively. The 7 d-LC(50) of [C(8)mim]Br was 206.8 mg kg(-1) artificial soil (dry weight) and the 14 d-LC(50) was 159.4 mg kg(-1) artificial soil (dry weight), under the condition of artificial soil. After 1 d and 3 d of acute exposure, the activity of AChE was markedly inhibited when compared to the control, while it was increased at 7d. The cellulase activity was elevated significantly in the treatment groups of 20-160 mg kg(-1) after 3 and 7d of acute exposure. The activity of cellulase was also promoted under the subchronic exposure condition in the 10 and 20 mg kg(-1) groups. The experimental results suggest that [C(8)mim]Br may interfere with the nervous function of the earthworms and increase their cellulase activity. These results indicate that [C(8)mim]Br-exposure can affect the metabolized enzyme activity of earthworms at low concentrations and can even cause worm death at high doses, both of which have potential impacts on the soil environment.
根据经济合作与发展组织（OECD）的方法[OECD，1984年。（当前经济合作与发展组织蚯蚓急性毒性试验）化学品测试指南，第207号。蚯蚓急性毒性试验]，将赤子爱胜蚓暴露于不同浓度、不同链长的咪唑鎓离子液体中。在人工土壤条件下，测定了[C(8)mim]Br对蚯蚓体内乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和纤维素酶活性的急性和亚慢性毒性效应。通过滤纸接触试验，[C(4)mim]Br、[C(6)mim]Br、[C(8)mim]Br、[C(10)mim]Br和[C(12)mim]Br对蚯蚓的48 h-LC(50)值分别为73.33、28.25、2.69、0.37和0.02 μg cm(-2)。在人工土壤条件下，[C(8)mim]Br的7 d-LC(50)为206.8 mg kg(-1)人工土壤（干重），14 d-LC(50)为159.4 mg kg(-1)人工土壤（干重）。急性暴露1 d和3 d后，与对照组相比，AChE活性显著受到抑制，而在7 d时升高。急性暴露3 d和7 d后，20 - 160 mg kg(-1)处理组的纤维素酶活性显著升高。在10和20 mg kg(-1)组的亚慢性暴露条件下，纤维素酶活性也得到促进。实验结果表明，[C(8)mim]Br可能干扰蚯蚓的神经功能并增加其纤维素酶活性。这些结果表明，暴露于[C(8)mim]Br可在低浓度下影响蚯蚓的代谢酶活性，高剂量时甚至可导致蚯蚓死亡，这两者对土壤环境均有潜在影响。
