Kelly Paula, Good Barbara, Hanrahan J P, Fitzpatrick Richard, de Waal Theo
Teagasc, Animal Production Research Centre, Mellows Campus, Athenry, Co. Galway, Ireland.
Vet Parasitol. 2009 Nov 12;165(3-4):345-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.07.026. Epub 2009 Jul 23.
With worldwide development of anthelmintic resistance, alternative approaches to the chemotherapeutic dominant approach for the control of parasitic nematodes in sheep are urgently required. As natural enemies of nematodes, nematophagous fungi offer the exciting possibility of an alternative to the dominant anthelmintic approach for parasite control in ruminants. Permanent sheep pasture harbor a promising array of nematophagous fungi and merits further investigation. One hundred and fifty samples of soil, old and fresh faeces were collected from 10 Irish sheep pastures. The three methods employed for the isolation of nematophagous fungi include the Baermann technique, flotation method and the sprinkling-baiting technique. Twenty-nine nematophagous fungi were observed of which 12 were predacious and 17 were endoparasitic. The most prevalent fungi were Cystopage lateralis, Stylopage hadra, Drechmeria coniospora and Meristacrum asterosperum. Permanent sheep pasture is a good source of nematophagous fungi and hence may harbor potential biological control agents. Monacrosporium cionopaga, Duddingtonia flagrans, D. coniospora and Hirsutella rhoissilensis were detected in fresh faecal samples indicating they may have survived the gastrointestinal tract and therefore a viable option as a biological control agent.
随着全球范围内抗蠕虫药物耐药性的发展，迫切需要替代以化学疗法为主导的方法来控制绵羊体内的寄生线虫。作为线虫的天敌，食线虫真菌为反刍动物寄生虫控制的主要驱虫方法提供了令人兴奋的替代可能性。永久性绵羊牧场拥有一系列有前景的食线虫真菌，值得进一步研究。从10个爱尔兰绵羊牧场采集了150份土壤、新旧粪便样本。用于分离食线虫真菌的三种方法包括贝尔曼技术、浮选法和撒饵技术。共观察到29种食线虫真菌，其中12种为捕食性真菌，17种为内寄生真菌。最常见的真菌是侧孢囊霉、硬柄柱孢霉、圆锥状帚霉和星状分生孢子霉。永久性绵羊牧场是食线虫真菌的良好来源，因此可能蕴藏着潜在的生物防治剂。在新鲜粪便样本中检测到了洋葱单顶孢霉、弗氏蛇形虫草、圆锥状帚霉和罗氏被毛孢，这表明它们可能在胃肠道中存活下来，因此是作为生物防治剂的可行选择。
