Vieira-da-Silva Ligia Maria, Almeida Filho Naomar de
Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2009;25 Suppl 2:S217-26. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2009001400004.
Health inequalities have been studied mainly from an epidemiological perspective, with limited attention to conceptual issues. The terms 'equity' and 'equality' have often been used as synonyms, as have their opposites, 'inequity' and 'inequality'. The few attempts to establish their meanings have been either purely descriptive or have failed to add to an understanding of the underlying dynamics in health-disease-related phenomena. The present essay explores the semantic series that includes difference, diversity, distinction, inequality, and inequity and its relationship to health phenomena in light of Perelman's concept of equity, Bourdieu's sociology, and some arguments in Heller's theory of justice, with the aim of contributing to the development of these concepts, while discussing their implications for policymaking in health.
健康不平等问题主要是从流行病学角度进行研究的，对概念性问题的关注有限。“公平”和“平等”这两个术语经常被用作同义词，它们的反义词“不公平”和“不平等”也是如此。少数试图确定其含义的尝试要么纯粹是描述性的，要么未能增进对健康与疾病相关现象潜在动态的理解。本文根据佩雷尔曼的公平概念、布迪厄的社会学以及赫勒正义理论中的一些观点，探讨了包括差异、多样性、区分、不平等和不公平在内的语义序列及其与健康现象的关系，旨在推动这些概念的发展，同时讨论它们对健康政策制定的影响。
