Imura Tomoko, Tomonaga Masaki
Section of Language and Intelligence, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Aichi, Japan.
J Comp Psychol. 2009 Aug;123(3):280-6. doi: 10.1037/a0015839.
Previous studies have reported that backgrounds depicting linear perspective and texture gradients influence relative size discrimination in nonhuman animals (known as the "corridor illusion"), but research has not yet identified the other kinds of depth cues contributing to the corridor illusion. This study examined the effects of linear perspective and shadows on the responses of a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) to the corridor illusion. The performance of the chimpanzee was worse when a smaller object was presented at the farther position on a background reflecting a linear perspective, implying that the corridor illusion was replicated in the chimpanzee (Imura, Tomonaga, & Yagi, 2008). The extent of the illusion changed as a function of the position of the shadows cast by the objects only when the shadows were moving in synchrony with the objects. These findings suggest that moving shadows and linear perspective contributed to the corridor illusion in a chimpanzee.
先前的研究报告称，描绘线性透视和纹理梯度的背景会影响非人类动物的相对大小辨别（即“走廊错觉”），但研究尚未确定导致走廊错觉的其他深度线索类型。本研究考察了线性透视和阴影对黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）对走廊错觉反应的影响。当在反映线性透视的背景上，较小的物体出现在较远位置时，黑猩猩的表现更差，这意味着在黑猩猩身上重现了走廊错觉（井村、友永 & 八木，2008）。只有当阴影与物体同步移动时，错觉的程度才会随着物体投射阴影的位置而变化。这些发现表明，移动的阴影和线性透视促成了黑猩猩的走廊错觉。
