Ayora Pauline, Janssen Niels, Dell'acqua Roberto, Alario F-Xavier
Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive, Aix-Marseille Université and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2009 Sep;35(5):1344-51. doi: 10.1037/a0016373.
Two grammatical classes are commonly distinguished in psycholinguistic research. The open-class includes content words such as nouns, whereas the closed-class includes function words such as determiners. A standing issue is to identify whether these words are retrieved through similar or distinct selection mechanisms. We report a comparative investigation of the allocation of attentional resources during the retrieval of words from these 2 classes. Previous studies used a psychological-refractory-period paradigm to establish that open-class word retrieval is supported by central attention mechanisms. We applied the same logic to closed-class word retrieval. French native speakers named pictures with determiner noun phrases while they concurrently identified the pitch of an auditory tone. The ease of noun and determiner retrieval was manipulated independently. Results showed that both manipulations affected picture naming and tone discrimination responses in similar ways. This suggests the involvement of central attentional resources in word production, irrespective of word class. These results argue against the commonly held hypothesis that closed-class retrieval is an automatic consequence of syntactic specific processes.
在心理语言学研究中，通常区分出两类语法范畴。开放类包括名词等实词，而封闭类包括限定词等虚词。一个长期存在的问题是确定这些词是通过相似还是不同的选择机制检索出来的。我们报告了一项关于从这两类词的检索过程中注意力资源分配的比较研究。先前的研究使用心理不应期范式来确定开放类词的检索由中央注意力机制支持。我们将同样的逻辑应用于封闭类词的检索。以法语为母语的人在同时识别一个听觉音调的音高时，用限定词-名词短语为图片命名。名词和限定词检索的难易程度被独立操纵。结果表明，两种操纵以相似的方式影响图片命名和音调辨别反应。这表明中央注意力资源参与了词汇生成，而与词类无关。这些结果与普遍持有的假设相悖，即封闭类词的检索是句法特定过程的自动结果。
