Verbruggen Frederick, Logan Gordon D
Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2009 Sep;35(5):1381-8. doi: 10.1037/a0016645.
Response inhibition is a hallmark of cognitive control. An executive system inhibits responses by activating a stop goal when a stop signal is presented. The authors asked whether the stop goal could be primed by task-irrelevant information in stop-signal and go/no-go paradigms. In Experiment 1, the task-irrelevant primes GO, ###, or STOP were presented in the go stimulus. Go performance was slower for STOP than for ### or GO. This suggests that the stop goal was primed by task-irrelevant information. In Experiment 2, STOP primed the stop goal only in conditions in which the goal was relevant to the task context. In Experiment 3, GO, ###, or STOP were presented as stop signals. Stop performance was slower for GO than for ### or STOP. These findings suggest that task goals can be primed and that response inhibition and executive control can be influenced by automatic processing.
反应抑制是认知控制的一个标志。当呈现停止信号时，执行系统通过激活停止目标来抑制反应。作者们探讨了在停止信号和去/不去范式中，停止目标是否会被与任务无关的信息所启动。在实验1中，与任务无关的启动刺激“去”“###”或“停止”呈现在去刺激中。对于“停止”启动刺激，去反应的表现比对“###”或“去”启动刺激更慢。这表明停止目标被与任务无关的信息所启动。在实验2中，只有在目标与任务情境相关的条件下，“停止”才启动了停止目标。在实验3中，“去”“###”或“停止”被呈现为停止信号。对于“去”停止信号，停止反应的表现比对“###”或“停止”信号更慢。这些发现表明任务目标可以被启动，并且反应抑制和执行控制会受到自动加工的影响。
