Tufts University, Psychology Department, 490 Boston Ave., Medford, MA 02155, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2009 Oct;20(10):1183-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02422.x. Epub 2009 Aug 14.
Perceivers spontaneously sort other people's faces into social categories and activate the stereotype knowledge associated with those categories. In the work described here, participants, presented with sex-typical and sex-atypical faces (i.e., faces containing a mixture of male and female features), identified which of two gender stereotypes (one masculine and one feminine) was appropriate for the face. Meanwhile, their hand movements were measured by recording the streaming x, y coordinates of the computer mouse. As participants stereotyped sex-atypical faces, real-time motor responses exhibited a continuous spatial attraction toward the opposite-gender stereotype. These data provide evidence for the partial and parallel activation of stereotypes belonging to alternate social categories. Thus, perceptual cues of the face can trigger a graded mixture of simultaneously active stereotype knowledge tied to alternate social categories, and this mixture settles over time onto ultimate judgments.
感知者会自发地将他人的面孔归入社会类别，并激活与这些类别相关的刻板印象知识。在描述的这项工作中，参与者会看到典型的性别面孔和非典型的性别面孔（即包含男性和女性特征混合的面孔），然后确定哪一种性别刻板印象（一种是男性化的，一种是女性化的）适合该面孔。同时，他们的手部动作通过记录计算机鼠标的 x、y 坐标流来测量。当参与者对非典型性别面孔进行刻板印象时，实时运动反应表现出对相反性别的刻板印象的连续空间吸引力。这些数据为属于不同社会类别的刻板印象的部分和并行激活提供了证据。因此，面孔的感知线索可以引发与不同社会类别相关的同时活跃的刻板印象知识的分级混合，这种混合会随着时间的推移而最终形成判断。
